Abstract
There is very little up to date information regarding apple microflora so in the current study we decided to address that issue and assess whether dominant fungi which reside in fruit might spoil apple juice. Microorganisms were isolated from apples of Koksa Górska harvested in the middle of October in 2016 and 2017. Identification of isolates was based on the sequencing of ribosomal DNA. Some isolates were characteristic for a particular year but in both years apple microflora was dominated by Aureobasidium pullulans. Based on phylogenetic analysis it was stated that only one isolate (LW81) was closely related to strains which are already described in available databases. All other isolates collected in the current study differed significantly from sequences stored in databases, tending to form a common cluster. It was possible to predict secondary structure of ITS2 region only for the isolate LW81, while we managed to establish the length and location of 5.8S gene in Rfam database for all sequences. A. pullulans is known exopolysaccharide producer so obtained microorganisms were tested for their ability to synthesise those substances on Czapek-Dox agar. The strain which proved to be the most significant exopolysaccharide producer (isolate LW14) was inoculated in the sterilised apple juice at three different initial cell number (100, 1000 and 10,000 cfu/ml) and subjected to pasteurisation. In all cases pasteurisation eliminated fungal growth effectively, therefore A. pullulans strains should not pose any risk to the quality of pasteurised apple juices.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Apple microflora was dominated by Aureobasidium pullulans in both harvest years.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticae0 - Interactor
- Aureobasidium pullulans
Aureobasidium pullulanse0other - Outcome
- apple microflora was dominated by Aureobasidium pullulanse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in both years apple microflora was dominated by Aureobasidium pullulans”
Claim · model-written summary
Some apple-associated fungal isolates were characteristic of a particular year.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- Some isolates were characteristic for a particular yeare0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Some isolates were characteristic for a particular year”
t0“apple microflora”
Claim · model-written summary
Only isolate LW81 was closely related to previously described strains.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- LW81e0
- Outcome
- closely related to strains which are already described in available databasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“only one isolate (LW81) was closely related to strains which are already described in available databases”
t0“apple microflora”
Claim · model-written summary
The other apple-associated isolates differed significantly from database sequences and tended to form a common cluster.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- differed significantly from sequences stored in databases, tending to form a common clustere0
- Direction
- differede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All other isolates collected in the current study differed significantly from sequences stored in databases, tending to form a common cluster”
t0“apple microflora”
Claim · model-written summary
ITS2 secondary structure could be predicted only for isolate LW81.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- LW81e0
- Outcome
- predict secondary structure of ITS2 regione0
- Comparator
- only for the isolate LW81e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It was possible to predict secondary structure of ITS2 region only for the isolate LW81”
t0“apple microflora”
Claim · model-written summary
The length and location of the 5.8S gene were established for all isolates.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Gene
- 5.8S genee0
- Outcome
- length and location of 5.8S genee0
- Comparator
- all sequencese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“we managed to establish the length and location of 5.8S gene in Rfam database for all sequences”
t0“apple microflora”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolate LW14 was the strongest exopolysaccharide producer among the tested isolates.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- LW14e0
- Outcome
- most significant exopolysaccharide producere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The strain which proved to be the most significant exopolysaccharide producer (isolate LW14)”
t0“apple microflora”
Claim · model-written summary
Pasteurisation eliminated fungal growth in apple juice at all three starting cell numbers.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- LW14e0
- Treatment
- pasteurisatione0
- Interactor
- Aureobasidium pullulansAureobasidium pullulanse1other
- Outcome
- fungal growthe0
- Direction
- eliminatede0
- Qualifier
- 100, 1000 and 10,000 cfu/mle0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The strain which proved to be the most significant exopolysaccharide producer (isolate LW14) was inoculated in the sterilised apple juice at three different initial cell number (100, 1000 and 10,000 cfu/ml) and subjected to pasteurisation. In all cases pasteurisation eliminated fungal growth effectively”
e1“in both years apple microflora was dominated by Aureobasidium pullulans”
t0“apple microflora”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that A. pullulans strains should not threaten the quality of pasteurised apple juice.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Interactor
- A. pullulansAureobasidium pullulanse0other
- Outcome
- should not pose any risk to the quality of pasteurised apple juicese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A. pullulans strains should not pose any risk to the quality of pasteurised apple juices”
t0“apple microflora”