Abstract
Abstract Frequent waterlogging increases the risk of possible harvest losses in winter wheat. The aim of this study was to analyse which developmental stage of wheat was impaired by waterlogging and whether yield losses can be explained by nutrient deficiences. A large‐scale container experiment was designed to evaluate growth, yield and nutrient status of two wheat cultivars after 14 days of waterlogging at two different developmental stages: DC 31 (first node visible) and DC 51 (beginning of ear emergence). Early waterlogging treatment impaired vegetative growth stages of winter wheat and nutrient uptake, leading to transient nutrient deficiencies, but yield was not significantly reduced. Late waterlogging at the beginning of ear emergence mainly affected generative growth stages and caused yield reductions ranging up to 61%. The main reason for yield loss was the significantly decreased thousand kernel weight in combination with a decreased number of grains per spike. Yield depressions in winter wheat depend on the timing of waterlogging. Early waterlogging transiently reduces vegetative growth through nutrient deficiencies, whereas late waterlogging results in an impaired grain development and associated therewith, yield losses.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Early waterlogging impaired vegetative growth.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- Early waterlogging treatmente0
- Outcome
- vegetative growth stagese0
- Direction
- impairede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“Early waterlogging treatment impaired vegetative growth stages of winter wheat and nutrient uptake, leading to transient nutrient deficiencies, but yield was not significantly reduced.”
Claim · model-written summary
Early waterlogging impaired nutrient uptake and caused transient deficiency.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- Early waterlogging treatmente0
- Outcome
- nutrient uptakee0
- Direction
- impairede0
- Qualifier
- transient nutrient deficienciese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“Early waterlogging treatment impaired vegetative growth stages of winter wheat and nutrient uptake, leading to transient nutrient deficiencies, but yield was not significantly reduced.”
Claim · model-written summary
Early waterlogging did not significantly reduce yield.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- Early waterlogging treatmente0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- not significantly reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“Early waterlogging treatment impaired vegetative growth stages of winter wheat and nutrient uptake, leading to transient nutrient deficiencies, but yield was not significantly reduced.”
Claim · model-written summary
Late waterlogging impaired generative growth.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Late waterlogginge0
- Outcome
- generative growth stagese0
- Direction
- affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“Late waterlogging at the beginning of ear emergence mainly affected generative growth stages and caused yield reductions ranging up to 61%.”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Late waterlogging reduced yield by up to 61%.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Late waterlogginge0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reductionse0
- Value
- 61%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“Late waterlogging at the beginning of ear emergence mainly affected generative growth stages and caused yield reductions ranging up to 61%.”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower thousand kernel weight contributed to the yield loss.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Organ / stage
- kernele0
- Outcome
- thousand kernel weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“The main reason for yield loss was the significantly decreased thousand kernel weight in combination with a decreased number of grains per spike.”
t0“winter wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Fewer grains per spike contributed to the yield loss.
- Taxon
- winter wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Organ / stage
- spikee0
- Outcome
- number of grains per spikee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“The main reason for yield loss was the significantly decreased thousand kernel weight in combination with a decreased number of grains per spike.”
t0“winter wheat”
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