Abstract
ABSTRACT: In direct seeded rice (DSR), flushes of weeds are encountered, and mostly subsequent herbicides need to apply to control weeds that appear later. A farmer friendly approach was hypothesized in present study to integrate the management strategies for water, soil and cost effective weed free rice production. Efficacy of various herbicides in weed control to improve the performance of aerobic rice grown under varying tillage and alternate water regimes was evaluated. Five weed management techniques (weedy check, weed-free, pendimethalin followed by manual weeding, pendimethalin + bispyribac sodium (BS) + bensulfuron (B) and pendimethalin + MCPA) were carried out within the alternate wetting and drying (AWD) regimes (15 and 20 cm depth) under two tillage systems (zero and conventional). All the herbicide treatments reduced the weed intensity as compared to weedy check, however minimum weed density and dry biomass was observed in pendimethalin at 40 and 60 days after sowing, respectively. Under conventional tillage, weed free plots showed maximum leaf area index, leaf area duration and crop growth rate. Maximum plant height, 1000-kernel weight and kernel per panicle along with less percentage of abortive, chalky and opaque kernels were recorded in pendimethalin followed by BS+B as compared to weedy check plots. Among the herbicides application, pendimethalin followed by BS+B gave highest benefit to cost ratio and net benefits under both AWD regimes. Overall, application of pendimethalin followed by BS+B is an efficient and economic approach to reduce weed infestation which results in improved yield of aerobic rice.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide treatments reduced weed intensity relative to the weedy check.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- All the herbicide treatmentse0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed intensitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- weedy checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All the herbicide treatments reduced the weed intensity as compared to weedy check”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin had minimum weed density at 40 days after sowing.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- pendimethaline0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed densitye0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Qualifier
- 40 and 60 days after sowinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“minimum weed density and dry biomass was observed in pendimethalin at 40 and 60 days after sowing, respectively.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin had minimum weed dry biomass at 60 days after sowing.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- pendimethaline0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- weed density and dry biomasse0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Qualifier
- 40 and 60 days after sowinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“minimum weed density and dry biomass was observed in pendimethalin at 40 and 60 days after sowing, respectively.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed free conventional tillage plots had maximum leaf area index, leaf area duration and crop growth rate.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- weed freee0
- Outcome
- leaf area index, leaf area duration and crop growth ratee0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Setting
- conventional tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under conventional tillage, weed free plots showed maximum leaf area index, leaf area duration and crop growth rate.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin followed by BS+B maximized plant height, 1000-kernel weight and kernels per panicle versus weedy check.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- pendimethalin followed by BS+Be0
- Outcome
- plant height, 1000-kernel weight and kernel per paniclee0
- Direction
- Maximume0
- Comparator
- weedy check plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maximum plant height, 1000-kernel weight and kernel per panicle along with less percentage of abortive, chalky and opaque kernels were recorded in pendimethalin followed by BS+B as compared to weedy check plots.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin followed by BS+B reduced percentages of abortive, chalky and opaque kernels versus weedy check.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- pendimethalin followed by BS+Be0
- Outcome
- percentage of abortive, chalky and opaque kernelse0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Comparator
- weedy check plotse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“less percentage of abortive, chalky and opaque kernels were recorded in pendimethalin followed by BS+B as compared to weedy check plots.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Pendimethalin followed by BS+B had the highest benefit to cost ratio and net benefits under both AWD regimes.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- pendimethalin followed by BS+Be0
- Outcome
- benefit to cost ratio and net benefitse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- both AWD regimese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pendimethalin followed by BS+B gave highest benefit to cost ratio and net benefits under both AWD regimes.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend pendimethalin followed by BS+B as an economic way to reduce weed infestation and improve aerobic rice yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- application of pendimethalin followed by BS+Be0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of pendimethalin followed by BS+B is an efficient and economic approach to reduce weed infestation which results in improved yield of aerobic rice.”
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See all 603 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.