Abstract
An increasing water crisis as well as shortage of farm labor farmers in many Asian regions is forcing a shift from puddled transplanted rice to direct-seeded rice. The weeds, however, are a major constraint to the production of direct-seeded rice. In this perspective, a field study was carried out to evaluate various pre- and post-emergence herbicides and different possible integrated weed management practices in zero-till direct-seeded rice. Weed infestation decreased the rice yield by near about 75%. Co-culture rice with Sesbania followed by (fb) pendimethalin fb 2,4-D effectively reduced the total weed population (65.1%) and biomass (86.7%) at 30 days after sowing (DAS). The lowest total weed dry biomass at 60 DAS was recorded from bispyribac-sodium+azimsulfuron-treated plot and such tank mix application of herbicide performed better against diverse weed flora as compared to a single herbicide. Higher yield and more profit from zero-till direct-seeded rice were obtained with the application of bispyribac-sodium+azimsulfuron herbicides as a tank mixture or an integrated approach through cowpea green-manuring fb 2,4-D+glyphosate fb bispyribac-sodium by effective management of versatile weed flora.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Weed infestation reduced rice yield by nearly 75%.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Interactor
- Weede0weed
- Outcome
- rice yielde0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- near about 75%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed infestation decreased the rice yield by near about 75%.”
t0“direct-seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice–Sesbania coculture followed by herbicides reduced total weed population by 65.1% at 30 DAS.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Co-culture rice with Sesbania followed by (fb) pendimethalin fb 2,4-De0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- total weed populatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 65.1%e0
SesbaniaNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Co-culture rice with Sesbania followed by (fb) pendimethalin fb 2,4-D effectively reduced the total weed population (65.1%) and biomass (86.7%) at 30 days after sowing (DAS).”
Claim · model-written summary
The same coculture and herbicide treatment reduced weed biomass by 86.7% at 30 DAS.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Co-culture rice with Sesbania followed by (fb) pendimethalin fb 2,4-De0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- biomasse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 86.7%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Co-culture rice with Sesbania followed by (fb) pendimethalin fb 2,4-D effectively reduced the total weed population (65.1%) and biomass (86.7%) at 30 days after sowing (DAS).”
Claim · model-written summary
The bispyribac-sodium and azimsulfuron mixture gave the lowest weed dry biomass at 60 DAS.
- Treatment
- bispyribac-sodium+azimsulfurone0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- total weed dry biomasse0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“The lowest total weed dry biomass at 60 DAS was recorded from bispyribac-sodium+azimsulfuron-treated plot”
Claim · model-written summary
The tank mixture performed better against diverse weeds than a single herbicide.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- tank mix application of herbicidee0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- performed better against diverse weed florae0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Comparator
- a single herbicidee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“such tank mix application of herbicide performed better against diverse weed flora as compared to a single herbicide.”
t0“direct-seeded rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The bispyribac-sodium and azimsulfuron mixture increased yield and profit in zero-till direct-seeded rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- bispyribac-sodium+azimsulfuron herbicides as a tank mixturee0
- Outcome
- yield and more profite0
- Direction
- Highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher yield and more profit from zero-till direct-seeded rice were obtained with the application of bispyribac-sodium+azimsulfuron herbicides as a tank mixture”
Claim · model-written summary
Cowpea green manuring followed by herbicides increased rice yield and profit.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- cowpea green-manuring fb 2,4-D+glyphosate fb bispyribac-sodiume0
- Interactor
- weede0weed
- Outcome
- yield and more profite0
- Direction
- Highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Higher yield and more profit from zero-till direct-seeded rice were obtained with the application of bispyribac-sodium+azimsulfuron herbicides as a tank mixture or an integrated approach through cowpea green-manuring fb 2,4-D+glyphosate fb bispyribac-sodium by effective management of versatile weed flora.”
The same questions in other papers
2,4-D · weed · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ
46 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- positive
45 papers more in this group
See all 49 papers →bispyribac-sodium · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ
160 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction · 5 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
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See all 170 papers →pendimethalin · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
20 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
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See all 25 papers →Vigna unguiculata · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
49 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- no effect
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See all 53 papers →2,4-D · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
51 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
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See all 62 papers →2,4-D · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
101 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- negative
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See all 107 papers →pendimethalin · weed · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
124 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- negative
124 papers more in this group
See all 128 papers →Sesbania · growth · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
12 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
9 papers more in this group
See all 13 papers →8 of 12 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.