Abstract
Gene flow from transgenic crops allows novel traits to spread to sexually compatible weeds. Traits such as resistance to insects may enhance the fitness of weeds, but few studies have tested for these effects under natural field conditions. We created F 2 and F 3 crop-weed hybrid lineages of genetically engineered rice (Oryza sativa) using lines with two transgene constructs, cowpea trypsin inhibitor (CpTI) and a Bt transgene linked to CpTI (Bt/CpTI). Experiments conducted in Fuzhou, China, demonstrated that CpTI alone did not significantly affect fecundity, although it reduced herbivory. In contrast, under certain conditions, Bt/CpTI conferred up to 79% less insect damage and 47% greater fecundity relative to nontransgenic controls, and a 44% increase in fecundity relative to the weedy parent. A small fitness cost was detected in F 3 progeny with Bt/CpTI when grown under low insect pressure and direct competition with transgene-negative controls. We conclude that Bt/CpTI transgenes may introgress into co-occurring weedy rice populations and contribute to greater seed production when target insects are abundant. However, the net fitness benefits that are associated with Bt/CpTI could be ephemeral if insect pressure is lacking, for example, because of widespread planting of Bt cultivars that suppress target insect populations.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
CpTI did not significantly affect fecundity.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- CpTI alonee0
- Gene
- CpTIe0
- Outcome
- fecunditye0
- Direction
- did not significantly affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CpTI alone did not significantly affect fecundity”
t0“hybrids of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
CpTI reduced herbivory.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“CpTI alone did not significantly affect fecundity, although it reduced herbivory.”
t0“hybrids of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Bt/CpTI reduced insect damage by up to 79% relative to nontransgenic controls under certain conditions.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Bt/CpTIe0
- Gene
- Bt/CpTIe0
- Outcome
- insect damagee0
- Direction
- lesse0
- Value
- up to 79%e0
- Qualifier
- under certain conditionse0
- Comparator
- nontransgenic controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under certain conditions, Bt/CpTI conferred up to 79% less insect damage and 47% greater fecundity relative to nontransgenic controls”
t0“hybrids of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Bt/CpTI increased fecundity by 47% relative to nontransgenic controls under certain conditions.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Bt/CpTIe0
- Gene
- Bt/CpTIe0
- Outcome
- fecunditye0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 47%e0
- Qualifier
- under certain conditionse0
- Comparator
- nontransgenic controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under certain conditions, Bt/CpTI conferred up to 79% less insect damage and 47% greater fecundity relative to nontransgenic controls”
t0“hybrids of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Bt/CpTI increased fecundity by 44% relative to the weedy parent.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Bt/CpTIe1
- Gene
- Bt/CpTIe1
- Outcome
- fecunditye0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 44%e0
- Comparator
- weedy parente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a 44% increase in fecundity relative to the weedy parent”
t0“hybrids of rice”
e1“under certain conditions, Bt/CpTI conferred up to 79% less insect damage and 47% greater fecundity relative to nontransgenic controls”
Claim · model-written summary
Bt/CpTI had a small fitness cost in F 3 progeny under low insect pressure and competition with transgene-negative controls.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- F 3 progenye0
- Treatment
- Bt/CpTIe0
- Gene
- Bt/CpTIe0
- Outcome
- fitness coste0
- Qualifier
- low insect pressure and direct competitione0
- Comparator
- transgene-negative controlse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A small fitness cost was detected in F 3 progeny with Bt/CpTI when grown under low insect pressure and direct competition with transgene-negative controls.”
t0“hybrids of rice”
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