Abstract
Sprinkler irrigation can reduce the irrigation water needed to grow rice. However, most available information on weed control with herbicides is related to flood irrigated rice because this is the main growing method. Field experiments were conducted at Zaragoza (Spain) during two years to study weed control and tolerance of sprinkler irrigated rice to several herbicides. The main weeds were Atriplex prostrata Bouchér ex DC., Cyperus rotundus L., Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. and Sonchus oleraceus L. Rice cv Guadiamar was tolerant to preemergence (PRE) application of clomazone at 0.36 kg ha-1 and oxadiazon at 0.5 kg ha–1. PRE application of pendimethalin at 1.32 kg ha–1 combined with clomazone at 0.36 kg ha-1 decreased rice yield. Postemergence (POST) application of bentazon at 1.6 kg ha–1 + MCPA at 0.25 kg ha–1 did not injure rice but POST application of azimsulfuron at 0.025 kg ha–1 produced visual crop injury. Only treatments that controlled grassy weeds since rice was planted and by more than 80% at harvest time lead to acceptable rice yield (> 5,000 kg ha–1). Clomazone applied PRE at 0.36 kg ha–1 provided good control of grassy weeds (> 80%) and the highest rice yield, so it is recommended as a selective and efficacious PRE treatment for weed control of annual weeds in sprinkler irrigated rice. The perennial purple nutsedge was difficult to control at high plant densities (> 150 plants m–2) and the recommended herbicide is azimsulfuron applied at POST at 0.02 kg ha–1.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Rice cv Guadiamar was tolerant to preemergence (PRE) application of clomazone at 0.36 kg ha-1 and oxadiazon at 0.5 kg ha–1.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)
Oryza sativat0 - Material
- Rice cv Guadiamare0
- Treatment
- clomazone at 0.36 kg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- ricee0
- Direction
- tolerante0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e0“Rice cv Guadiamar was tolerant to preemergence (PRE) application of clomazone at 0.36 kg ha-1 and oxadiazon at 0.5 kg ha–1.”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice cv Guadiamar was tolerant to preemergence (PRE) application of clomazone at 0.36 kg ha-1 and oxadiazon at 0.5 kg ha–1.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Material
- Rice cv Guadiamare0
- Treatment
- oxadiazon at 0.5 kg ha–1e0
- Outcome
- ricee0
- Direction
- tolerante0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e0“Rice cv Guadiamar was tolerant to preemergence (PRE) application of clomazone at 0.36 kg ha-1 and oxadiazon at 0.5 kg ha–1.”
Claim · model-written summary
PRE application of pendimethalin at 1.32 kg ha–1 combined with clomazone at 0.36 kg ha-1 decreased rice yield.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- pendimethalin at 1.32 kg ha–1 combined with clomazone at 0.36 kg ha-1e0
- Outcome
- rice yielde0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e0“PRE application of pendimethalin at 1.32 kg ha–1 combined with clomazone at 0.36 kg ha-1 decreased rice yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Postemergence (POST) application of bentazon at 1.6 kg ha–1 + MCPA at 0.25 kg ha–1 did not injure rice
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- bentazon at 1.6 kg ha–1 + MCPA at 0.25 kg ha–1e0
- Outcome
- ricee0
- Direction
- did not injuree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e0“Postemergence (POST) application of bentazon at 1.6 kg ha–1 + MCPA at 0.25 kg ha–1 did not injure rice”
Claim · model-written summary
POST application of azimsulfuron at 0.025 kg ha–1 produced visual crop injury
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- azimsulfuron at 0.025 kg ha–1e0
- Outcome
- visual crop injurye0
- Direction
- producede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e0“POST application of azimsulfuron at 0.025 kg ha–1 produced visual crop injury”
Claim · model-written summary
Clomazone applied PRE at 0.36 kg ha–1 provided good control of grassy weeds (> 80%) and the highest rice yield
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Clomazone applied PRE at 0.36 kg ha–1e0
- Interactor
- grassy weedse0weed
- Outcome
- control of grassy weedse0
- Direction
- goode0
- Value
- > 80%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e0“Clomazone applied PRE at 0.36 kg ha–1 provided good control of grassy weeds (> 80%) and the highest rice yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Clomazone applied PRE at 0.36 kg ha–1 provided good control of grassy weeds (> 80%) and the highest rice yield
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Clomazone applied PRE at 0.36 kg ha–1e0
- Outcome
- rice yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e0“Clomazone applied PRE at 0.36 kg ha–1 provided good control of grassy weeds (> 80%) and the highest rice yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments controlling grassy weeds by over 80% at harvest led to acceptable rice yield.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Treatment
- treatments that controlled grassy weedse0
- Interactor
- grassy weedse0weed
- Outcome
- rice yielde0
- Direction
- acceptablee0
- Value
- > 5,000 kg ha–1e0
- Qualifier
- more than 80% at harvest timee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e0“Only treatments that controlled grassy weeds since rice was planted and by more than 80% at harvest time lead to acceptable rice yield (> 5,000 kg ha–1).”
Claim · model-written summary
Purple nutsedge was difficult to control at high density.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Interactor
- purple nutsedgee0weed
- Outcome
- difficult to controle0
- Qualifier
- > 150 plants m–2e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e0“The perennial purple nutsedge was difficult to control at high plant densities (> 150 plants m–2)”
Claim · model-written summary
Clomazone was recommended as a preemergence weed treatment.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Interactor
- annual weedse0weed
- Outcome
- selective and efficacious PRE treatment for weed control of annual weedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e0“it is recommended as a selective and efficacious PRE treatment for weed control of annual weeds in sprinkler irrigated rice.”
Claim · model-written summary
Azimsulfuron at 0.02 kg ha–1 postemergence was recommended for purple nutsedge.
- Taxon
- rice (Oryza sativa L.)Oryza sativat0
- Outcome
- azimsulfuron applied at POST at 0.02 kg ha–1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e0“the recommended herbicide is azimsulfuron applied at POST at 0.02 kg ha–1.”
The same questions in other papers
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clomazone · weed · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
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See all 135 papers →(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid · organism · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
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azimsulfuron · crop injury · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
bentazone · organism · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
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herbicide · weed · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
578 papers in the same direction as this paper · 17 in the opposite direction · 7 reporting no difference from an alternative
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See all 603 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.