Abstract
Pot grown herbs are often cultivated as certified organic products, and there is an increasing demand for organically certified ornamental plants. Supplying the required nutrients using organic fertilizers is a challenge with respect to matching the mineralization and thus the availability of dissolved nutrients in the growing medium with plant demand. In experiments, sweet basil and Pelargonium × hortorum were cultivated using two different organic fertilizer strategies and controlled-release mineral nutrients as control treatment. The two organic strategies were, i) blood meal + Baralith® Enslow (a plant-based organic fertilizer), and ii) poultry manure. The availability of dissolved nitrogen was monitored during the crop cycle by under-pressure lysimeter sampling. Plant development parameters were measured along with chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll concentration of leaves. For both organic treatments, nitrate-N availability was low at the beginning of the experiment, whereas ammonium-N was high. During the experiment, ammonium availability decreased at the same time as nitrate availability increased after a few weeks and then declined again by the end of the experiment. The blood meal + Enslow treatment caused poor germination and slow growth in basil. Plant height and fresh weight was also affected by this treatment for basil but not for Pelargonium. Chlorophyll concentration was affected by treatment, with also visually detectable paler leaves in the treatment with poultry manure. There were no differences in chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) between treatments, indicating that plants were not stressed in any of the treatments.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Both organic fertilizer treatments began with low nitrate-N availability and high ammonium-N availability.
- Taxon
- sweet basil and Pelargonium × hortorum
Pelargonium ×hortorum
Ocimum basilicume1 - Treatment
- organic treatmentse0
- Outcome
- nitrate-N availabilitye0
- Direction
- lowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For both organic treatments, nitrate-N availability was low at the beginning of the experiment, whereas ammonium-N was high”
e1“sweet basil and Pelargonium × hortorum were cultivated using two different organic fertilizer strategies”
Claim · model-written summary
Both organic fertilizer treatments began with high ammonium-N availability.
- Taxon
- sweet basil and Pelargonium × hortorumPelargonium ×hortorumOcimum basilicume1
- Treatment
- organic treatmentse0
- Outcome
- ammonium-Ne0
- Direction
- highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For both organic treatments, nitrate-N availability was low at the beginning of the experiment, whereas ammonium-N was high”
e1“sweet basil and Pelargonium × hortorum were cultivated using two different organic fertilizer strategies”
Claim · model-written summary
During crop growth, ammonium availability decreased.
- Taxon
- sweet basil and Pelargonium × hortorumPelargonium ×hortorumOcimum basilicume1
- Outcome
- ammonium availabilitye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During the experiment, ammonium availability decreased at the same time as nitrate availability increased after a few weeks and then declined again by the end of the experiment”
e1“sweet basil and Pelargonium × hortorum were cultivated using two different organic fertilizer strategies”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate availability increased after several weeks, then declined by the end of the experiment.
- Taxon
- sweet basil and Pelargonium × hortorumPelargonium ×hortorumOcimum basilicume1
- Outcome
- nitrate availabilitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- then declined again by the end of the experimente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nitrate availability increased after a few weeks and then declined again by the end of the experiment”
e1“sweet basil and Pelargonium × hortorum were cultivated using two different organic fertilizer strategies”
Claim · model-written summary
Blood meal plus Enslow caused poor basil germination.
- Taxon
- basilOcimum basilicume0
- Treatment
- blood meal + Enslowe0
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- poore0
- Comparator
- controlled-release mineral nutrientse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The blood meal + Enslow treatment caused poor germination and slow growth in basil”
e1“controlled-release mineral nutrients as control treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Blood meal plus Enslow caused slow basil growth.
- Taxon
- basilOcimum basilicume0
- Treatment
- blood meal + Enslowe0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- slowe0
- Comparator
- controlled-release mineral nutrientse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The blood meal + Enslow treatment caused poor germination and slow growth in basil”
e1“controlled-release mineral nutrients as control treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Blood meal plus Enslow affected basil height and fresh weight.
- Taxon
- basilOcimum basilicume0
- Treatment
- blood meal + Enslowe1
- Outcome
- Plant height and fresh weighte0
- Comparator
- controlled-release mineral nutrientse2
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant height and fresh weight was also affected by this treatment for basil but not for Pelargonium”
e1“The blood meal + Enslow treatment caused poor germination and slow growth in basil”
e2“controlled-release mineral nutrients as control treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Blood meal plus Enslow did not affect Pelargonium height and fresh weight.
- Taxon
- Pelargonium
.jpg?width=60)
Pelargoniume0 - Treatment
- blood meal + Enslowe1
- Outcome
- Plant height and fresh weighte0
- Direction
- note0
- Comparator
- controlled-release mineral nutrientse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Plant height and fresh weight was also affected by this treatment for basil but not for Pelargonium”
e1“The blood meal + Enslow treatment caused poor germination and slow growth in basil”
e2“controlled-release mineral nutrients as control treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf chlorophyll concentration varied by treatment, with paler leaves under poultry manure.
- Taxon
- sweet basil and Pelargonium × hortorumPelargonium ×hortorumOcimum basilicume1
- Treatment
- poultry manuree0
- Outcome
- paler leavese0
- Direction
- palere0
- Comparator
- controlled-release mineral nutrientse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlorophyll concentration was affected by treatment, with also visually detectable paler leaves in the treatment with poultry manure”
e1“sweet basil and Pelargonium × hortorum were cultivated using two different organic fertilizer strategies”
e2“controlled-release mineral nutrients as control treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll fluorescence did not differ between fertilizer treatments.
- Taxon
- sweet basil and Pelargonium × hortorumPelargonium ×hortorumOcimum basilicume1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm)e0
- Direction
- no differencese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were no differences in chlorophyll fluorescence (Fv/Fm) between treatments”
e1“sweet basil and Pelargonium × hortorum were cultivated using two different organic fertilizer strategies”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors interpreted the similar fluorescence values as indicating no treatment stress.
- Taxon
- sweet basil and Pelargonium × hortorumPelargonium ×hortorumOcimum basilicume1
- Outcome
- plants were not stressede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“indicating that plants were not stressed in any of the treatments”
e1“sweet basil and Pelargonium × hortorum were cultivated using two different organic fertilizer strategies”