Abstract
Isolation trials of pathogens causing root rot disease of pepper plants collected from El Behera and El-DakahliaGovernorates revealed the presence of two isolates of Rhizoctonia solani, one of each of Fusarium solani, F. oxysporum,Alternaria alternate, Sclerotium bataticola and Phytophthora capsaci. Isolation from seeds of 2 pepper cvs. Sweet(California wonder) and hot (Cayenne) exhibited the presence of A. alternate, F. solani and S. bataticola. F. solani wasmore present on sweet pepper (41.5%) than hot pepper (38.2%).The reaction of the pepper cultivars to the isolated fungi showed that the mixed infection; with all tested fungi, wassevere pathogenic, the sweet cultivar was more susceptible (Total mortality 73%) than the hot cultivar (47%), both peppercvs, showed significant decrease in shoot and root fresh and dry weight compared with the control.In vitro studies; 2 isolates of each T. harzianum, T. viride and one of Bacillus subtilis were used. The results showedthat B. subtilis significantly decreased the growth diameter of the tested pathogens. T. viride isolate 2 and T. harzianumisolate 1 were more effective. Tazolien fungicide at 0.19 g/ li was superior followed by Rhizolix-T at 0.45g/l. Hot pepperoil and camphor oil completely inhibited the growth of F. solani, S. bataticola and R.solani at 500 mg/l.Green house experiments showed that T. harzianum significantly decreased infection percentages (less than 7%) inboth cultivars with mixed inoculation infection. Rhizolix-T. at 0.45 g./l. was next, where it decreased the infection up to 3-10% (53-83% untreated control). The use of hot pepper oil and camphor oil significantly decreased infection up to 20% inhot pepper and 30-37% in sweet pepper.Seed treatment increased significantly the chlorophyll content of leaves. Estimation of total phenols in leaves ofpepper cultivar showed increase of phenol content after infection, the increase was more in hot pepper than the sweetcultivar.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Root rot samples yielded Rhizoctonia solani, Fusarium solani, F. oxysporum, Alternaria alternate, Sclerotium bataticola and Phytophthora capsaci.
- Taxon
- peppert0
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia solani
Rhizoctonia solanie0pathogen - Outcome
- presence of two isolates of Rhizoctonia solani, one of each of Fusarium solani, F. oxysporum,Alternaria alternate, Sclerotium bataticola and Phytophthora capsacie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“revealed the presence of two isolates of Rhizoctonia solani, one of each of Fusarium solani, F. oxysporum,Alternaria alternate, Sclerotium bataticola and Phytophthora capsaci.”
t0“Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
F. solani was more prevalent on sweet than hot pepper seeds, at 41.5% versus 38.2%.
- Taxon
- peppere0
- Material
- sweet peppere0
- Interactor
- F. solani
_Sacc._5393379.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium solanie0pathogen - Outcome
- F. solani wasmore presente0
- Direction
- more presente0
- Value
- 41.5%e0
- Qualifier
- 38.2%e0
- Comparator
- hot peppere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Sacc._5393379.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“F. solani wasmore present on sweet pepper (41.5%) than hot pepper (38.2%).”
Claim · model-written summary
Mixed infection caused greater mortality in sweet than hot pepper, 73% versus 47%.
Verbatim
e0“the sweet cultivar was more susceptible (Total mortality 73%) than the hot cultivar (47%)”
t0“Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Mixed infection significantly decreased shoot and root fresh and dry weight in both pepper cultivars.
Verbatim
e0“both peppercvs, showed significant decrease in shoot and root fresh and dry weight compared with the control.”
t0“the mixed infection; with all tested fungi”
Claim · model-written summary
B. subtilis reduced pathogen growth diameter in vitro.
- Taxon
- peppert0
- Interactor
- tested pathogense0pathogen
- Second interactor
- B. subtilis
Bacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- growth diameter of the tested pathogense0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B. subtilis significantly decreased the growth diameter of the tested pathogens.”
t0“Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
T. harzianum reduced infection below 7% in both cultivars under mixed inoculation.
- Taxon
- peppert0
- Treatment
- T. harzianume0
- Interactor
- T. harzianume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- infection percentagese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- less than 7%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“T. harzianum significantly decreased infection percentages (less than 7%) inboth cultivars with mixed inoculation infection.”
t0“Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizolix-T lowered infection to 3–10% versus 53–83% in untreated controls.
Verbatim
e0“Rhizolix-T. at 0.45 g./l. was next, where it decreased the infection up to 3-10% (53-83% untreated control).”
t0“Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment increased leaf chlorophyll.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Seed treatment increased significantly the chlorophyll content of leaves.”
t0“Pepper”
Claim · model-written summary
Infection increased pepper leaf phenols, more in hot than sweet cultivar.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Estimation of total phenols in leaves ofpepper cultivar showed increase of phenol content after infection, the increase was more in hot pepper than the sweetcultivar.”