Abstract
Rice bacterial leaf streak ( BLS ), caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola (Xoc), is a prevalent disease worldwide. Melatonin, an indoleamine with the chemical name N ‐acetyl‐5‐methoxytryptamine, is known to inhibit the growth of human pathogenic bacteria. However, the impact of melatonin on agricultural pathogenic bacteria remains poorly understood. In this study, the effect of melatonin on Xoc was investigated. Exogenous melatonin (200 μg mL −1 ) significantly inhibited the growth of Xoc and reduced the mRNA expression level of seven cell division‐related genes. Melatonin reduced the pathogenicity of Xoc towards the susceptible rice IR24. The lesion length in IR24 infected by Xoc pretreated with melatonin (200 μg mL −1 ) was more than 23% smaller than the lesion length of the control group. Similarly, infection of IR24 leaves by Xoc pretreated with melatonin (200 μg mL −1 ) reduced the bacterial population by 45%. The biofilm formation, swimming motility and extracellular protease activities of Xoc also decreased under melatonin treatment. Melatonin only slightly changed the morphology of Xoc but significantly reduced the mRNA expression of toxin genes. Furthermore, treating leaves with exogenous melatonin reduced the incidence of BLS by 17%. It is reported for the first time that melatonin reduces pathogenicity and may serve as a bactericide for controlling BLS disease.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin significantly inhibited Xoc growth.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- Exogenous melatonin (200 μg mL −1 )e0
- Interactor
- Xoce0pathogen
- Outcome
- growth of Xoce0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exogenous melatonin (200 μg mL −1 ) significantly inhibited the growth of Xoc”
t0“Rice bacterial leaf streak ( BLS )”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin reduced expression of seven Xoc cell-division genes.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- melatonine1
- Interactor
- Xoce1pathogen
- Outcome
- mRNA expression level of seven cell division‐related genese0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced the mRNA expression level of seven cell division‐related genes”
e1“Exogenous melatonin (200 μg mL −1 ) significantly inhibited the growth of Xoc”
t0“Rice bacterial leaf streak ( BLS )”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin reduced Xoc pathogenicity toward rice IR24.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- IR24e0
- Treatment
- Melatonine0
- Interactor
- Xoce0pathogen
- Outcome
- pathogenicity of Xoce0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Melatonin reduced the pathogenicity of Xoc towards the susceptible rice IR24”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin-pretreated Xoc caused lesions more than 23% smaller than control.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- IR24e0
- Treatment
- Xoc pretreated with melatonin (200 μg mL −1 )e0
- Interactor
- Xoce0pathogen
- Outcome
- lesion lengthe0
- Direction
- smallere0
- Value
- more than 23%e0
- Comparator
- control groupe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lesion length in IR24 infected by Xoc pretreated with melatonin (200 μg mL −1 ) was more than 23% smaller than the lesion length of the control group”
t0“Rice bacterial leaf streak ( BLS )”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin-pretreated Xoc had a 45% lower bacterial population in IR24 leaves.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- IR24e0
- Treatment
- Xoc pretreated with melatonin (200 μg mL −1 )e0
- Interactor
- Xoce0pathogen
- Outcome
- bacterial populatione0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 45%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“infection of IR24 leaves by Xoc pretreated with melatonin (200 μg mL −1 ) reduced the bacterial population by 45%”
t0“Rice bacterial leaf streak ( BLS )”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin decreased Xoc biofilm formation, motility and protease activity.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- melatonin treatmente0
- Interactor
- Xoce0pathogen
- Outcome
- biofilm formation, swimming motility and extracellular protease activities of Xoce0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The biofilm formation, swimming motility and extracellular protease activities of Xoc also decreased under melatonin treatment”
t0“Rice bacterial leaf streak ( BLS )”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin changed Xoc morphology only slightly.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Melatonine0
- Interactor
- Xoce0pathogen
- Outcome
- morphology of Xoce0
- Direction
- slightly changede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Melatonin only slightly changed the morphology of Xoc”
t0“Rice bacterial leaf streak ( BLS )”
Claim · model-written summary
Melatonin significantly reduced Xoc toxin gene expression.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Melatonine1
- Interactor
- Xoce1pathogen
- Outcome
- mRNA expression of toxin genese0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significantly reduced the mRNA expression of toxin genes”
e1“Melatonin only slightly changed the morphology of Xoc”
t0“Rice bacterial leaf streak ( BLS )”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous melatonin reduced bacterial leaf streak incidence by 17%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- exogenous melatonine0
- Outcome
- incidence of BLSe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 17%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treating leaves with exogenous melatonin reduced the incidence of BLS by 17%”
t0“Rice bacterial leaf streak ( BLS )”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose melatonin as a bactericide for controlling BLS.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- may serve as a bactericide for controlling BLS diseasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“melatonin reduces pathogenicity and may serve as a bactericide for controlling BLS disease”
t0“Rice bacterial leaf streak ( BLS )”
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See all 28 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.