Abstract
Plant extracts of Amaranthus retroflexus showed an inhibitory effect on the development of both cotyledons and rootlets of maize in petri dish trials. In pot experiments, among the three examined weeds, dry plant residues of Amaranthus hindered the germination of maize to the greatest extent. It showed also a negative effect on the shoot length and weight, while there was a positive effect on the root length and weight. A 2.5% concentration of Datura stramonium plant extracts showed a stimulative effect, but the 5% and 7.5% extracts inhibited the shoot and root development of germinating maize. In spite of a 60% germination rate, the incorporation of dry plant residues into the soil did not show any significant effect on the development of shoots, but a stimulative effect on root development was observed. However, the dry weight of roots exceeded the control values only at a concentration of 7.5%. Plant extract of Panicum miliaceum had a stimulative effect on the shoot and root development of maize. Dry plant parts in the soil of the pots hindered the germination of maize, but significant effects on the shoot and root lengths could not be proven. At the 7.5% ratio the dry weight of shoots was higher than the control values, but all the other soil-plant part ratios caused lower values.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Amaranthus retroflexus plant extracts inhibited the development of maize cotyledons and rootlets in petri dish trials.
- Treatment
- Plant extracts of Amaranthus retroflexuse0
- Interactor
- Amaranthus retroflexus
Amaranthus retroflexuse0weed - Outcome
- development of both cotyledons and rootletse0
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede0
- Setting
- petri dish trialse0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant extracts of Amaranthus retroflexus showed an inhibitory effect on the development of both cotyledons and rootlets of maize in petri dish trials”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry plant residues of Amaranthus hindered maize germination to the greatest extent among the three weeds in pot experiments.
- Treatment
- dry plant residues of Amaranthuse1
- Interactor
- Amaranthus
_with_green_foliage%2C_photographed_in_Tamil_Nadu%2C_India.jpg?width=60)
Amaranthuse1weed - Outcome
- germinatione1
- Direction
- hinderede1
- Comparator
- three examined weedse1
- Setting
- pot experimentse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_with_green_foliage%2C_photographed_in_Tamil_Nadu%2C_India.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“In pot experiments, among the three examined weeds, dry plant residues of Amaranthus hindered the germination of maize to the greatest extent”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry plant residues of Amaranthus had a negative effect on maize shoot length and weight in pots.
- Treatment
- dry plant residues of Amaranthuse1
- Interactor
- AmaranthusAmaranthuse1weed
- Outcome
- shoot length and weighte2
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede2
- Setting
- pot experimentse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In pot experiments, among the three examined weeds, dry plant residues of Amaranthus hindered the germination of maize to the greatest extent”
e2“It showed also a negative effect on the shoot length and weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry plant residues of Amaranthus had a positive effect on maize root length and weight in pots.
- Treatment
- dry plant residues of Amaranthuse1
- Interactor
- AmaranthusAmaranthuse1weed
- Outcome
- root length and weighte2
- Direction
- increaseinferrede2
- Setting
- pot experimentse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In pot experiments, among the three examined weeds, dry plant residues of Amaranthus hindered the germination of maize to the greatest extent”
e2“while there was a positive effect on the root length and weight”
Claim · model-written summary
A 2.5% concentration of Datura stramonium plant extract stimulated maize development; the outcome is not specified.
- Treatment
- A 2.5% concentration of Datura stramonium plant extractse3
- Interactor
- Datura stramonium
.jpg?width=60)
Datura stramoniume3weed - Direction
- increaseinferrede3
Not reportedComparatorOutcome
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e3“A 2.5% concentration of Datura stramonium plant extracts showed a stimulative effect, but the 5% and 7.5% extracts inhibited the shoot and root development of germinating maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Datura stramonium extracts at 5% and 7.5% inhibited shoot and root development of germinating maize.
- Treatment
- 5% and 7.5% extractse3
- Interactor
- Datura stramoniumDatura stramoniume3weed
- Outcome
- shoot and root developmente3
- Direction
- inhibitede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“A 2.5% concentration of Datura stramonium plant extracts showed a stimulative effect, but the 5% and 7.5% extracts inhibited the shoot and root development of germinating maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant extract of Panicum miliaceum had a stimulative effect on maize shoot and root development.
- Treatment
- Plant extract of Panicum miliaceume6
- Interactor
- Panicum miliaceum
Panicum miliaceume6weed - Outcome
- shoot and root developmente6
- Direction
- increaseinferrede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Plant extract of Panicum miliaceum had a stimulative effect on the shoot and root development of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry plant parts in pot soil hindered maize germination.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Dry plant parts in the soil of the pots hindered the germination of maize, but significant effects on the shoot and root lengths could not be proven. At the 7.5% ratio the dry weight of shoots was higher than the control values, but all the other soil-plant part ratios caused lower values.”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry plant parts in pot soil did not significantly change maize shoot and root lengths.
- Treatment
- Dry plant parts in the soil of the potse7
- Outcome
- shoot and root lengthse7
- Direction
- could not be provene7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Dry plant parts in the soil of the pots hindered the germination of maize, but significant effects on the shoot and root lengths could not be proven. At the 7.5% ratio the dry weight of shoots was higher than the control values, but all the other soil-plant part ratios caused lower values.”
Claim · model-written summary
The 7.5% dry-residue soil ratio raised maize shoot dry weight above the control values.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Dry plant parts in the soil of the pots hindered the germination of maize, but significant effects on the shoot and root lengths could not be proven. At the 7.5% ratio the dry weight of shoots was higher than the control values, but all the other soil-plant part ratios caused lower values.”
Claim · model-written summary
All other dry-residue soil ratios lowered maize shoot dry weight below the control values.
- Treatment
- all the other soil-plant part ratiose7
- Outcome
- dry weight of shootse7
- Direction
- lowere7
- Comparator
- control valuese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“Dry plant parts in the soil of the pots hindered the germination of maize, but significant effects on the shoot and root lengths could not be proven. At the 7.5% ratio the dry weight of shoots was higher than the control values, but all the other soil-plant part ratios caused lower values.”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry weight of maize roots exceeded the control only at a dry-residue concentration of 7.5%.
- Treatment
- a concentration of 7.5%e5
- Outcome
- dry weight of rootse5
- Direction
- exceedede5
- Comparator
- control valuese5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e5“However, the dry weight of roots exceeded the control values only at a concentration of 7.5%”
Claim · model-written summary
Incorporating dry plant residues into the soil had no significant effect on maize shoot development despite a 60% germination rate.
- Treatment
- incorporation of dry plant residues into the soile4
- Outcome
- development of shootse4
- Direction
- did not show any significant effecte4
- Qualifier
- a 60% germination ratee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e4“In spite of a 60% germination rate, the incorporation of dry plant residues into the soil did not show any significant effect on the development of shoots, but a stimulative effect on root development was observed”
Claim · model-written summary
Incorporating dry plant residues into the soil had a stimulative effect on maize root development.
- Treatment
- incorporation of dry plant residues into the soile4
- Outcome
- root developmente4
- Direction
- increaseinferrede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“maize”
e4“In spite of a 60% germination rate, the incorporation of dry plant residues into the soil did not show any significant effect on the development of shoots, but a stimulative effect on root development was observed”
The same questions in other papers
Panicum miliaceum · growth · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Amaranthus retroflexus · growth · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
botanical · Datura stramonium · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
botanical · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
197 papers in the same direction as this paper · 140 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- no effect
336 papers more in this group
See all 340 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.