Abstract
A better understanding of the effect of long-term tillage management on soil properties and yield is essential for sustainable food production. This research aimed to evaluate the 37-year impact of different tillage systems and cover cropping on soil hydro-physical properties at 0–15 and 15–30 cm, as well as on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] yield. The long-term experiment was located in Jackson, TN, and the different treatments involved in this study were no-tillage (NT), disk (DP), chisel (CP), moldboard plow (MP), and no-tillage with winter wheat [Triticum aestivum (L.)] cover crop (NTW). Forty-five days after the tillage operation, MP showed a comparable bulk density (BD) with NT, NTW, and CP at 0–15 cm depth. At surface depth, No-tillage systems increased cone penetration resistance (PR) by 12% compared with the reduced tillage systems, and 47% relative to MP. Wet aggregate stability (WAS) at surface depth was 27% and 36% greater for NT systems than for reduced and conventional tillage systems, respectively. Similarly, the geometric mean diameter (GMD) of aggregates was significantly higher under NT and NTW. However, water infiltration and field-saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kfs) did not differ significantly among tillage systems. The greatest soybean yield was obtained from CP and DP, producing 10% higher yield than NTW. Overall, 37 years of no-tillage, with or without simplified cover cropping did not result in a consistent improvement in soybean yield and soil physical properties with the exception of having improved soil aggregation.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
The bulk density (BD) under MP was comparable.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- MPe0
- Outcome
- bulk density (BD)e0
- Direction
- comparablee0
- Comparator
- NT, NTW, and CPe0
- Setting
- Jackson, TNe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean”
e0“MP showed a comparable bulk density (BD) with NT, NTW, and CP at 0–15 cm depth”
e1“Jackson, TN”
Claim · model-written summary
The cone penetration resistance (PR) under No-tillage systems was increased by 12%.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- No-tillage systemse0
- Outcome
- cone penetration resistance (PR)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 12%e0
- Comparator
- reduced tillage systemse0
- Setting
- Jackson, TNe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean”
e0“No-tillage systems increased cone penetration resistance (PR) by 12% compared with the reduced tillage systems”
e1“Jackson, TN”
Claim · model-written summary
The cone penetration resistance (PR) under No-tillage systems was increased by 47%.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- No-tillage systemse0
- Outcome
- cone penetration resistance (PR)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 47%e0
- Comparator
- MPe0
- Setting
- Jackson, TNe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean”
e0“No-tillage systems increased cone penetration resistance (PR) by 12% compared with the reduced tillage systems, and 47% relative to MP”
e1“Jackson, TN”
Claim · model-written summary
The Wet aggregate stability (WAS) under NT systems was greater by 27%.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- NT systemse0
- Outcome
- Wet aggregate stability (WAS)e0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 27%e0
- Comparator
- reduced tillage systemse2
- Setting
- Jackson, TNe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean”
e0“Wet aggregate stability (WAS) at surface depth was 27% and 36% greater for NT systems than for reduced and conventional tillage systems, respectively”
e1“Jackson, TN”
e2“No-tillage systems increased cone penetration resistance (PR) by 12% compared with the reduced tillage systems”
Claim · model-written summary
The Wet aggregate stability (WAS) under NT systems was greater by 36%.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- NT systemse0
- Outcome
- Wet aggregate stability (WAS)e0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 36%e0
- Comparator
- conventional tillage systemse0
- Setting
- Jackson, TNe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean”
e0“Wet aggregate stability (WAS) at surface depth was 27% and 36% greater for NT systems than for reduced and conventional tillage systems, respectively”
e1“Jackson, TN”
Claim · model-written summary
The geometric mean diameter (GMD) of aggregates under NT and NTW was higher.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- NT and NTWe0
- Outcome
- geometric mean diameter (GMD) of aggregatese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Setting
- Jackson, TNe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean”
e0“the geometric mean diameter (GMD) of aggregates was significantly higher under NT and NTW”
e1“Jackson, TN”
Claim · model-written summary
The water infiltration and field-saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kfs) under tillage systems was did not differ.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- tillage systemse0
- Outcome
- water infiltration and field-saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kfs)e0
- Direction
- did not differe0
- Setting
- Jackson, TNe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean”
e0“water infiltration and field-saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kfs) did not differ significantly among tillage systems”
e1“Jackson, TN”
Claim · model-written summary
The soybean yield under CP and DP was higher by 10%.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- CP and DPe0
- Outcome
- soybean yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 10%e0
- Comparator
- NTWe0
- Setting
- Jackson, TNe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Soybean”
e0“The greatest soybean yield was obtained from CP and DP, producing 10% higher yield than NTW”
e1“Jackson, TN”
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See all 36 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.