Abstract
Botanical insecticides manufactured under the name of spinetoram, Solaris 6 SC (75 ml.ha-1) and Capsoil 9,82 EC (Capsicumm annum + mustard (Sinapis alba) + garlic (Allium sativum) (2 l.ha-1) were evaluated by comparing them with two homemade extracts: garlic extract + neem (Azadirachtaindica) + detergent (20 ml.l-1 water) and garlic extract + oregano (Origanumvulgare) + juanilama (Lippia alba) + rosemary (Rosmarinusofficinalis) (20 ml.l-1 water); and a control with the objective to evaluate the effectiveness of non-chemical alternatives to treat the Spodopterafrugiperda in the corn crops of the test field in Santa Cruz, Guanacaste which is owned by the University of Costa Rica. Results show that the best insecticide to control the immature fall armyworm is Solaris 6 SC, followed by the insecticide made of garlic extract, neem, and detergent. Also, the natural parasitism of the S. frugiperda on the area not treated with pesticides reached values of 60% where the Chelonus sp. was the parasitoid that was present at all times. The performance of the areas treated with pesticides range from 153 and 180 quintals of fresh corn by hectare where the insecticide made of garlic extract, neem, and detergent (20 ml.l-1 water) reflected the higher production. The areas treated with Solaris 6 SC had the less quantity of corn damaged by S. frugiperda and Helicoverpazea while the area treated with garlic extract + oregano + juanilama + rosemary had the greatest loss during this evaluation. Thus, the insecticide made of garlic extract, neem, and detergent is recommended because of its high capacity to kill S. frugiperda and other pests that affect the corncob, its higher performance it is more cost efficient for small farmers.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Solaris 6 SC was best for controlling immature fall armyworm.
- Taxon
- corn crops
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Treatment
- Solaris 6 SCe0
- Interactor
- fall armyworm
.jpg?width=60)
Spodoptera frugiperdae0pest - Outcome
- control the immature fall armyworme0
- Direction
- beste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“the best insecticide to control the immature fall armyworm is Solaris 6 SC”
t0“corn crops (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
The garlic, neem and detergent insecticide ranked second for immature fall armyworm control.
- Taxon
- corn cropsZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- insecticide made of garlic extract, neem, and detergente0
- Outcome
- followed bye0
- Direction
- followed bye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“followed by the insecticide made of garlic extract, neem, and detergent”
t0“corn crops (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Untreated-area natural parasitism of S. frugiperda reached 60%, with Chelonus sp. present throughout.
- Taxon
- corn cropsZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Interactor
- S. frugiperdae0pest
- Outcome
- natural parasitism of the S. frugiperdae0
- Value
- 60%e0
ChelonusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the natural parasitism of the S. frugiperda on the area not treated with pesticides reached values of 60% where the Chelonus sp. was the parasitoid that was present at all times”
t0“corn crops (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pesticide-treated areas yielded 153 to 180 quintals of fresh corn per hectare.
- Taxon
- corn cropsZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- fresh corne0
- Value
- 153 and 180 quintals of fresh corn by hectaree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The performance of the areas treated with pesticides range from 153 and 180 quintals of fresh corn by hectare”
t0“corn crops (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
The garlic, neem and detergent insecticide produced the highest corn yield.
- Taxon
- corn cropsZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- insecticide made of garlic extract, neem, and detergent (20 ml.l-1 water)e0
- Outcome
- productione0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the insecticide made of garlic extract, neem, and detergent (20 ml.l-1 water) reflected the higher production”
t0“corn crops (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Solaris 6 SC treatment had the least corn damage by S. frugiperda and Helicoverpazea.
- Taxon
- corn cropsZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Solaris 6 SCe0
- Interactor
- S. frugiperdae0pest
- Second interactor
- Helicoverpazeae0pest
- Outcome
- corn damaged by S. frugiperda and Helicoverpazeae0
- Direction
- lesse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The areas treated with Solaris 6 SC had the less quantity of corn damaged by S. frugiperda and Helicoverpazea”
t0“corn crops (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Garlic, oregano, juanilama and rosemary treatment had the greatest loss.
- Taxon
- corn cropsZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- garlic extract + oregano + juanilama + rosemarye0
- Outcome
- losse0
- Direction
- greateste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the area treated with garlic extract + oregano + juanilama + rosemary had the greatest loss”
t0“corn crops (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend garlic, neem and detergent insecticide for small farmers.
- Taxon
- corn cropsZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Interactor
- S. frugiperdae0pest
- Outcome
- insecticide made of garlic extract, neem, and detergent is recommendede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the insecticide made of garlic extract, neem, and detergent is recommended because of its high capacity to kill S. frugiperda and other pests that affect the corncob, its higher performance it is more cost efficient for small farmers”
t0“corn crops (Zea mays)”
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