Abstract
Fresh water scarcity compels farmers to utilize saline water for the cultivation of crops in arid and semi-arid parts of the world. The use of saline water, however, requires efficient and comprehensive irrigation management to protect sustainable crop production and the environment. Therefore, a pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of saline irrigation water on the growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Sarsabz) that has been irrigated at various growth stages. Tap water (EC 0.6 dS m-1) and synthetic saline waters having different EC (2.0, 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0 dS m-1) levels were prepared by dissolving NaCl and CaCl2 salts (20:1 w/w) in distilled water. These waters were applied at early (emergence and tillering), later (booting and grain formation) and all (emergence, tillering, booting and grain formation) growth stages of wheat crop. The results showed that saline water decreased growth, yield and yield components of wheat crop. There was a constant decrease in growth and yield parameters with an increase in EC of the irrigation water. The saline water having EC 5.0 dS m-1 caused maximum reduction (~50%) in straw and grain yields. A variable effect of saline water at different growth stages was observed. The plants irrigated with saline waters at early and/or all growth stages were found to have inferior growth and yield parameters relative to the plants irrigated at later growth stage. Our findings indicate the possibility of using saline water at the later stage of wheat crop growth with a corresponding minimum risk of crop yield losses.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Saline water reduced wheat growth.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- saline watere0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“saline water decreased growth, yield and yield components of wheat crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Saline water reduced wheat yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- saline watere0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“saline water decreased growth, yield and yield components of wheat crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Saline water reduced wheat yield components.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- saline watere0
- Outcome
- yield componentse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“saline water decreased growth, yield and yield components of wheat crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth parameters declined as irrigation EC rose.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“There was a constant decrease in growth and yield parameters with an increase in EC of the irrigation water”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield parameters declined as irrigation EC rose.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“There was a constant decrease in growth and yield parameters with an increase in EC of the irrigation water”
Claim · model-written summary
Water at EC 5.0 dS m-1 reduced straw yield by about 50%.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“The saline water having EC 5.0 dS m-1 caused maximum reduction (~50%) in straw and grain yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Water at EC 5.0 dS m-1 reduced grain yield by about 50%.
- Treatment
- saline water having EC 5.0 dS m-1e0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- maximum reductione0
- Value
- ~50%e0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“The saline water having EC 5.0 dS m-1 caused maximum reduction (~50%) in straw and grain yields”
Claim · model-written summary
Early or all-stage saline irrigation gave inferior growth than later irrigation.
Verbatim
e0“The plants irrigated with saline waters at early and/or all growth stages were found to have inferior growth and yield parameters relative to the plants irrigated at later growth stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Early or all-stage saline irrigation gave inferior yield parameters than later irrigation.
Verbatim
e0“The plants irrigated with saline waters at early and/or all growth stages were found to have inferior growth and yield parameters relative to the plants irrigated at later growth stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Later-stage saline irrigation may minimize wheat yield loss.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- using saline water at the later stage of wheat crop growthe0
- Qualifier
- minimum risk of crop yield lossese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“possibility of using saline water at the later stage of wheat crop growth with a corresponding minimum risk of crop yield losses”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.