Abstract
Rhizophagus irregularis, an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, a bacterium, are microorganisms that promote plant growth. They associate with plant roots and facilitate nutrient absorption by their hosts, increase resistance against pathogens and pests, and regulate plant growth through phytohormones. In this study, eight local plant species in Finland (Antennaria dioica, Campanula rotundifolia, Fragaria vesca, Geranium sanguineum, Lotus corniculatus, Thymus serpyllum, Trifolium repens, and Viola tricolor) were inoculated with R. irregularis and/or B. amyloliquefaciens in autoclaved substrates to evaluate the plant growth-promoting effects of different plant/microbe combinations under controlled conditions. The eight plant species were inoculated with R. irregularis, B. amyloliquefaciens, or both microbes or were not inoculated as a control. The impact of the microbes on the plants was evaluated by measuring dry shoot weight, colonization rate by the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, bacterial population density, and chlorophyll fluorescence using a plant phenotyping facility. Under dual inoculation conditions, B. amyloliquefaciens acted as a "mycorrhiza helper bacterium" to facilitate arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus colonization in all tested plants. In contrast, R. irregularis did not demonstrate reciprocal facilitation of the population density of B. amyloliquefaciens. Dual inoculation with B. amyloliquefaciens and R. irregularis resulted in the greatest increase in shoot weight and photosynthetic efficiency in T. repens and F. vesca.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
B. amyloliquefaciens facilitated mycorrhizal colonization under dual inoculation in all tested plants.
- Taxon
- eight local plant speciese1
- Treatment
- dual inoculatione0
- Interactor
- arbuscular mycorrhizal funguse0symbiont
- Second interactor
- B. amyloliquefaciens
.jpg?width=60)
Bacillus amyloliquefaciense0symbiont - Outcome
- arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus colonizatione0
- Direction
- facilitatee0
- Setting
- Finlande1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Under dual inoculation conditions, B. amyloliquefaciens acted as a "mycorrhiza helper bacterium" to facilitate arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus colonization in all tested plants.”
e1“eight local plant species in Finland”
Claim · model-written summary
R. irregularis did not reciprocally facilitate B. amyloliquefaciens population density.
- Taxon
- eight local plant speciese1
- Treatment
- R. irregularise0
- Interactor
- B. amyloliquefaciensBacillus amyloliquefaciense0symbiont
- Second interactor
- R. irregularis
Rhizophagus irregularise0symbiont - Outcome
- population density of B. amyloliquefaciense0
- Direction
- did not demonstrate reciprocal facilitatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“R. irregularis did not demonstrate reciprocal facilitation of the population density of B. amyloliquefaciens.”
e1“eight local plant species in Finland”
Claim · model-written summary
Dual inoculation produced the greatest shoot weight increase in T. repens.
- Taxon
- T. repens
Trifolium repense0 - Treatment
- Dual inoculation with B. amyloliquefaciens and R. irregularise0
- Interactor
- B. amyloliquefaciensBacillus amyloliquefaciense0symbiont
- Second interactor
- R. irregularisRhizophagus irregularise0symbiont
- Outcome
- shoot weighte0
- Direction
- greatest increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dual inoculation with B. amyloliquefaciens and R. irregularis resulted in the greatest increase in shoot weight and photosynthetic efficiency in T. repens and F. vesca.”
Claim · model-written summary
Dual inoculation produced the greatest photosynthetic efficiency increase in T. repens.
- Taxon
- T. repensTrifolium repense0
- Treatment
- Dual inoculation with B. amyloliquefaciens and R. irregularise0
- Interactor
- B. amyloliquefaciensBacillus amyloliquefaciense0symbiont
- Second interactor
- R. irregularisRhizophagus irregularise0symbiont
- Outcome
- photosynthetic efficiencye0
- Direction
- greatest increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dual inoculation with B. amyloliquefaciens and R. irregularis resulted in the greatest increase in shoot weight and photosynthetic efficiency in T. repens and F. vesca.”
Claim · model-written summary
Dual inoculation produced the greatest shoot weight increase in F. vesca.
- Taxon
- F. vesca
Fragaria vescae0 - Treatment
- Dual inoculation with B. amyloliquefaciens and R. irregularise0
- Interactor
- B. amyloliquefaciensBacillus amyloliquefaciense0symbiont
- Second interactor
- R. irregularisRhizophagus irregularise0symbiont
- Outcome
- shoot weighte0
- Direction
- greatest increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dual inoculation with B. amyloliquefaciens and R. irregularis resulted in the greatest increase in shoot weight and photosynthetic efficiency in T. repens and F. vesca.”
Claim · model-written summary
Dual inoculation produced the greatest photosynthetic efficiency increase in F. vesca.
- Taxon
- F. vescaFragaria vescae0
- Treatment
- Dual inoculation with B. amyloliquefaciens and R. irregularise0
- Interactor
- B. amyloliquefaciensBacillus amyloliquefaciense0symbiont
- Second interactor
- R. irregularisRhizophagus irregularise0symbiont
- Outcome
- photosynthetic efficiencye0
- Direction
- greatest increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dual inoculation with B. amyloliquefaciens and R. irregularis resulted in the greatest increase in shoot weight and photosynthetic efficiency in T. repens and F. vesca.”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · growth · Trifolium repens (white clover)Results differ
30 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
32 papers more in this group
See all 36 papers →inoculation · physiology: photosynthesis · Trifolium repens (white clover)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
inoculation · growth · Fragaria vesca (wild strawberry)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.