Abstract
Tree growth, productivity, fruit quality attributes, and antioxidant activity were tested in apple cultivar Idared under different fertilization treatments from the 22nd to the 23rd year after planting in a heavy acidic soil under western Serbian conditions. Treatments included the use of aged cattle manure, compound NPK (15:15:15) mineral fertilizer, a multinutrient fertilizer commercially named Italpolina (ITP) (NPK + organic carbon + humic acids), two types of N mineral fertilizers (calcium ammonium nitrate [CAN] and urea), and control (no fertilization). Results showed that Idared trees were more vigorous when fertilized with the two N fertilizers than when treated with another mineral, organic, or multinutrient fertilizer. Urea promoted the highest yield per tree and unit area, while yield efficiency was the highest in the control and those under treatment with urea, compound NPK, and manure. Fertilizer regimes had a significant effect on fruit weight and flesh firmness, but their effects on fruit size and dimension ratio were not significant. Compound NPK resulted in the greatest fruit weight, whereas firmness and soluble solids content were the highest in manure treatment. Titratable acidity (TA) was the highest in control trees and after CAN application, while urea induced the highest ripening index. Fertilizer treatments had no significant effect on the contents of invert sugars, sucrose, and total sugars (TS). The TS/TA ratio was highest under urea treatment and lowest in the control and under CAN application. ITP led to the highest values for total phenolics, total non flavonoids, and total antioxidant capacity, while the highest total flavonoid content was obtained with compound NPK.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Idared apple trees were more vigorous when fertilized with the two N fertilizers than with another mineral, organic or multinutrient fertilizer.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticat0 - Material
- Idarede0
- Treatment
- the two N fertilizerse1
- Outcome
- vigorouse1
- Direction
- moree1
- Comparator
- another mineral, organic, or multinutrient fertilizere1
- Setting
- western Serbian conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.)”
e0“Tree growth, productivity, fruit quality attributes, and antioxidant activity were tested in apple cultivar Idared under different fertilization treatments from the 22nd to the 23rd year after planting in a heavy acidic soil under western Serbian conditions”
e1“Results showed that Idared trees were more vigorous when fertilized with the two N fertilizers than when treated with another mineral, organic, or multinutrient fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea promoted the highest yield per tree and per unit area.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Ureae2
- Outcome
- yield per tree and unit areae2
- Direction
- higheste2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.)”
e2“Urea promoted the highest yield per tree and unit area, while yield efficiency was the highest in the control and those under treatment with urea, compound NPK, and manure”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield efficiency was highest in the control and under urea, compound NPK and manure treatments.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- urea, compound NPK, and manuree2
- Outcome
- yield efficiencye2
- Direction
- higheste2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.)”
e2“Urea promoted the highest yield per tree and unit area, while yield efficiency was the highest in the control and those under treatment with urea, compound NPK, and manure”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer regimes had a significant effect on fruit weight and flesh firmness.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Fertilizer regimese3
- Outcome
- fruit weight and flesh firmnesse3
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.)”
e3“Fertilizer regimes had a significant effect on fruit weight and flesh firmness, but their effects on fruit size and dimension ratio were not significant”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer regimes had no significant effect on fruit size and dimension ratio.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Fertilizer regimese3
- Outcome
- fruit size and dimension ratioe3
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.)”
e3“Fertilizer regimes had a significant effect on fruit weight and flesh firmness, but their effects on fruit size and dimension ratio were not significant”
Claim · model-written summary
Compound NPK gave the greatest fruit weight.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Compound NPKe4
- Outcome
- fruit weighte4
- Direction
- greateste4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.)”
e4“Compound NPK resulted in the greatest fruit weight, whereas firmness and soluble solids content were the highest in manure treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Firmness and soluble solids content were highest in the manure treatment.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- manure treatmente4
- Outcome
- firmness and soluble solids contente4
- Direction
- higheste4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.)”
e4“Compound NPK resulted in the greatest fruit weight, whereas firmness and soluble solids content were the highest in manure treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Titratable acidity was highest after CAN application.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- CAN applicatione5
- Outcome
- Titratable aciditye5
- Direction
- higheste5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.)”
e5“Titratable acidity (TA) was the highest in control trees and after CAN application, while urea induced the highest ripening index”
Claim · model-written summary
Titratable acidity was highest in control trees.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- control treese5
- Outcome
- Titratable aciditye5
- Direction
- higheste5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.)”
e5“Titratable acidity (TA) was the highest in control trees and after CAN application, while urea induced the highest ripening index”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea gave the highest ripening index.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- ureae5
- Outcome
- ripening indexe5
- Direction
- higheste5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.)”
e5“Titratable acidity (TA) was the highest in control trees and after CAN application, while urea induced the highest ripening index”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer treatments had no significant effect on invert sugars, sucrose or total sugars.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Fertilizer treatmentse6
- Outcome
- contents of invert sugars, sucrose, and total sugarse6
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.)”
e6“Fertilizer treatments had no significant effect on the contents of invert sugars, sucrose, and total sugars (TS)”
Claim · model-written summary
The TS/TA ratio was highest under urea treatment.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- urea treatmente7
- Outcome
- TS/TA ratioe7
- Direction
- higheste7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.)”
e7“The TS/TA ratio was highest under urea treatment and lowest in the control and under CAN application”
Claim · model-written summary
The TS/TA ratio was lowest under CAN application and in the control.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- CAN applicatione7
- Outcome
- TS/TA ratioe7
- Direction
- loweste7
- Qualifier
- in the controle7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.)”
e7“The TS/TA ratio was highest under urea treatment and lowest in the control and under CAN application”
Claim · model-written summary
ITP gave the highest values for total phenolics, total non-flavonoids and total antioxidant capacity.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- ITPe1
- Outcome
- total phenolics, total non flavonoids, and total antioxidant capacitye1
- Direction
- higheste1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.)”
e1“ITP led to the highest values for total phenolics, total non flavonoids, and total antioxidant capacity”
Claim · model-written summary
Compound NPK gave the highest total flavonoid content.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- compound NPKe1
- Outcome
- total flavonoid contente1
- Direction
- higheste1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.)”
e1“the highest total flavonoid content was obtained with compound NPK”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · yield · Malus domestica (apple)Results differ
51 papers in the same direction as this paper · 17 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
65 papers more in this group
See all 69 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.