Abstract
Abstract Field studies were conducted to determine the possible rate and timing of nicosulfuron to suppress annual ryegrass (ARG) seeded as a cover crop at the time of corn planting without affecting corn performance near Ridgetown, ON, Canada, in 2016 and 2017. Nicosulfuron was applied at rates from 0.8 to 50 g ai ha –1 when the ARG was at the two- to three- or four- to five-leaf stages, or approximately 3 or 4 wk after emergence of both corn and ARG. There were no differences between the two application timings in grain yield responses or ARG suppression. As the rate of nicosulfuron increased from 0.8 to 50 g ai ha –1 , ARG was suppressed 6% to 76% and 5% to 96%, at 1 and 4 wk after application (WAA), respectively. At 4 WAA, ARG biomass decreased from 29 to 1 g m –2 as the rate of nicosulfuron increased from 0.8 to 50 g ai ha –1 , compared to 36 g m –2 in the untreated control. Where nicosulfuron was not applied to ARG, grain corn yield was reduced by 6% compared to the ARG-free control; similar effects on corn yield were observed with nicosulfuron at the lowest rate applied at 0.8 g ai ha –1 . Grain corn yield was reduced by 2.5% with the application of nicosulfuron at 25 g ai ha –1 (label rate for corn) compared to no ARG control, but this was not statistically significant. This study identified rates of nicosulfuron that suppressed ARG when emerged approximately the same day as corn, but there was evidence that grain corn yields were lowered because of interference, possibly during the critical weed control period. Based on this study, an ARG cover crop should not be seeded at the same time as corn unless one is willing to accept a risk for corn grain yield losses for the sake of the cover crop.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Nicosulfuron suppressed annual ryegrass by 6% to 76% at 1 week after application across rates from 0.8 to 50 g ai ha–1.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- nicosulfurone2
- Interactor
- annual ryegrasse0weed
- Outcome
- ARGe2
- Direction
- suppressede2
- Value
- 6% to 76%e2
- Qualifier
- at 1 and 4 wk after application (WAA), respectivelye2
- Setting
- Ridgetown, ON, Canadae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field studies were conducted to determine the possible rate and timing of nicosulfuron to suppress annual ryegrass (ARG) seeded as a cover crop at the time of corn planting without affecting corn performance near Ridgetown, ON, Canada, in 2016 and 2017”
e2“As the rate of nicosulfuron increased from 0.8 to 50 g ai ha –1 , ARG was suppressed 6% to 76% and 5% to 96%, at 1 and 4 wk after application (WAA), respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Nicosulfuron suppressed annual ryegrass by 5% to 96% at 4 weeks after application across rates from 0.8 to 50 g ai ha–1.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- nicosulfurone2
- Interactor
- annual ryegrasse0weed
- Outcome
- ARGe2
- Direction
- suppressede2
- Value
- 5% to 96%e2
- Qualifier
- at 1 and 4 wk after application (WAA), respectivelye2
- Setting
- Ridgetown, ON, Canadae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field studies were conducted to determine the possible rate and timing of nicosulfuron to suppress annual ryegrass (ARG) seeded as a cover crop at the time of corn planting without affecting corn performance near Ridgetown, ON, Canada, in 2016 and 2017”
e2“As the rate of nicosulfuron increased from 0.8 to 50 g ai ha –1 , ARG was suppressed 6% to 76% and 5% to 96%, at 1 and 4 wk after application (WAA), respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
At 4 weeks after application, nicosulfuron decreased annual ryegrass biomass from 29 to 1 g m–2, compared with 36 g m–2 in the untreated control.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- nicosulfurone3
- Interactor
- annual ryegrasse0weed
- Outcome
- ARG biomasse3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Value
- 29 to 1 g m –2e3
- Comparator
- untreated controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field studies were conducted to determine the possible rate and timing of nicosulfuron to suppress annual ryegrass (ARG) seeded as a cover crop at the time of corn planting without affecting corn performance near Ridgetown, ON, Canada, in 2016 and 2017”
e3“At 4 WAA, ARG biomass decreased from 29 to 1 g m –2 as the rate of nicosulfuron increased from 0.8 to 50 g ai ha –1 , compared to 36 g m –2 in the untreated control”
Claim · model-written summary
Where nicosulfuron was not applied to annual ryegrass, grain corn yield was reduced by 6% relative to the weed-free control.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- nicosulfuron was not applied to ARGe4
- Interactor
- annual ryegrasse0weed
- Outcome
- grain corn yielde4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Value
- 6%e4
- Comparator
- ARG-free controle4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field studies were conducted to determine the possible rate and timing of nicosulfuron to suppress annual ryegrass (ARG) seeded as a cover crop at the time of corn planting without affecting corn performance near Ridgetown, ON, Canada, in 2016 and 2017”
e4“Where nicosulfuron was not applied to ARG, grain corn yield was reduced by 6% compared to the ARG-free control”
Claim · model-written summary
Nicosulfuron at 25 g ai ha–1 reduced grain corn yield by 2.5% relative to the no-ryegrass control, not statistically significant.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse5
- Treatment
- nicosulfuron at 25 g ai ha –1e5
- Outcome
- Grain corn yielde5
- Direction
- reducede5
- Value
- 2.5%e5
- Qualifier
- this was not statistically significante5
- Comparator
- no ARG controle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field studies were conducted to determine the possible rate and timing of nicosulfuron to suppress annual ryegrass (ARG) seeded as a cover crop at the time of corn planting without affecting corn performance near Ridgetown, ON, Canada, in 2016 and 2017”
e5“Grain corn yield was reduced by 2.5% with the application of nicosulfuron at 25 g ai ha –1 (label rate for corn) compared to no ARG control, but this was not statistically significant”
Claim · model-written summary
Annual ryegrass interference probably lowered grain corn yields when it emerged on the same day as corn.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse6
- Interactor
- ARGe6weed
- Outcome
- grain corn yieldse6
- Direction
- lowerede6
- Qualifier
- because of interferencee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field studies were conducted to determine the possible rate and timing of nicosulfuron to suppress annual ryegrass (ARG) seeded as a cover crop at the time of corn planting without affecting corn performance near Ridgetown, ON, Canada, in 2016 and 2017”
e6“This study identified rates of nicosulfuron that suppressed ARG when emerged approximately the same day as corn, but there was evidence that grain corn yields were lowered because of interference, possibly during the critical weed control period”
Claim · model-written summary
Two nicosulfuron application timings did not differ in grain yield responses or ryegrass suppression.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- two application timingse1
- Outcome
- grain yield responses or ARG suppressione1
- Direction
- no differencese1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field studies were conducted to determine the possible rate and timing of nicosulfuron to suppress annual ryegrass (ARG) seeded as a cover crop at the time of corn planting without affecting corn performance near Ridgetown, ON, Canada, in 2016 and 2017”
e1“There were no differences between the two application timings in grain yield responses or ARG suppression”
Claim · model-written summary
An annual ryegrass cover crop should not be seeded at the same time as corn unless growers accept grain yield losses.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse7
- Outcome
- an ARG cover crop should not be seeded at the same time as corne7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“an ARG cover crop should not be seeded at the same time as corn unless one is willing to accept a risk for corn grain yield losses for the sake of the cover crop”
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See all 31 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.