Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY: Freezing and drought both result in cellular dehydration, and similar physiological responses to these stressors may result in cross acclimation, whereby prior freezing exposure increases subsequent drought tolerance. We examined how spring freezing influences summer drought tolerance for a range of herbaceous old field species: 6 graminoids (Agrostis stolonifera, Arrhenatherum elatius, Bromus inermis, Festuca rubra, Lolium perenne, Poa compressa) and 2 forbs (Plantago lanceolata, Securigera varia), with the goal of examining the generality of cross acclimation responses. METHODS: We exposed the plants to -5°C in the spring and to a 3-week summer drought, and harvested the plants after a 3-week watering/recovery period. We also measured leaf soluble proteins and sugars to explore the potential mechanisms before and during drought stress. KEY RESULTS: For Agrostis stolonifera, Bromus inermis, Lolium perenne, Plantago lanceolata, and Poa compressa there was evidence of cross acclimation based on aboveground or belowground biomass, with a reduction in the severity of the drought effect for the plants previously exposed to freezing. Freezing and drought effects were additive for Arrhenatherum elatius, and for the remaining two species the test of the freezing-drought interaction was inconclusive, because significant drought and freezing effects did not co-occur. When present, freezing-drought interactions were not correlated with changes in leaf soluble protein or sugars. CONCLUSIONS: Our results reveal that the phenomenon of freezing-drought cross acclimation appears to be common in herbaceous species, and variation among species in cross acclimation indicates that multiple stresses could alter relative species abundances in plant communities.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Agrostis stolonifera showed reduced drought effect on biomass after prior freezing.
- Taxon
- Agrostis stolonifera
Agrostis stoloniferae0 - Treatment
- previously exposed to freezinge0
- Outcome
- severity of the drought effecte0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For Agrostis stolonifera, Bromus inermis, Lolium perenne, Plantago lanceolata, and Poa compressa there was evidence of cross acclimation based on aboveground or belowground biomass, with a reduction in the severity of the drought effect for the plants previously exposed to freezing”
Claim · model-written summary
Bromus inermis showed reduced drought effect on biomass after prior freezing.
- Taxon
- Bromus inermis
Bromus inermise0 - Treatment
- previously exposed to freezinge0
- Outcome
- severity of the drought effecte0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For Agrostis stolonifera, Bromus inermis, Lolium perenne, Plantago lanceolata, and Poa compressa there was evidence of cross acclimation based on aboveground or belowground biomass, with a reduction in the severity of the drought effect for the plants previously exposed to freezing”
Claim · model-written summary
Lolium perenne showed reduced drought effect on biomass after prior freezing.
- Taxon
- Lolium perenne
Lolium perennee0 - Treatment
- previously exposed to freezinge0
- Outcome
- severity of the drought effecte0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For Agrostis stolonifera, Bromus inermis, Lolium perenne, Plantago lanceolata, and Poa compressa there was evidence of cross acclimation based on aboveground or belowground biomass, with a reduction in the severity of the drought effect for the plants previously exposed to freezing”
Claim · model-written summary
Plantago lanceolata showed reduced drought effect on biomass after prior freezing.
- Taxon
- Plantago lanceolata
Plantago lanceolatae0 - Treatment
- previously exposed to freezinge0
- Outcome
- severity of the drought effecte0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For Agrostis stolonifera, Bromus inermis, Lolium perenne, Plantago lanceolata, and Poa compressa there was evidence of cross acclimation based on aboveground or belowground biomass, with a reduction in the severity of the drought effect for the plants previously exposed to freezing”
Claim · model-written summary
Poa compressa showed reduced drought effect on biomass after prior freezing.
- Taxon
- Poa compressa
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Poa compressae0 - Treatment
- previously exposed to freezinge0
- Outcome
- severity of the drought effecte0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“For Agrostis stolonifera, Bromus inermis, Lolium perenne, Plantago lanceolata, and Poa compressa there was evidence of cross acclimation based on aboveground or belowground biomass, with a reduction in the severity of the drought effect for the plants previously exposed to freezing”
Claim · model-written summary
Freezing and drought effects were additive for Arrhenatherum elatius.
- Taxon
- Arrhenatherum elatius
Arrhenatherum elatiuse0 - Outcome
- Freezing and drought effectse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Freezing and drought effects were additive for Arrhenatherum elatius”
Claim · model-written summary
The freezing–drought interaction test was inconclusive for two remaining species because significant effects did not coincide.
- Taxon
- Festuca rubra
Festuca rubrat0 - Outcome
- test of the freezing-drought interactione0
- Qualifier
- inconclusivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for the remaining two species the test of the freezing-drought interaction was inconclusive, because significant drought and freezing effects did not co-occur”
t0“Festuca rubra”
Claim · model-written summary
Freezing–drought interactions did not correlate with leaf soluble protein or sugar changes.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e0“freezing-drought interactions were not correlated with changes in leaf soluble protein or sugars”
t0“plant growth responses”
e1“herbaceous old field species”