Abstract
Glasshouse and growth chamber experiments were conducted to determine chlorsulfuron {2-chloro- N -[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino] carbonyl] benzenesulfonamide} phytotoxicity to kochia [ Kochia scoparia (L.) Schrad. ♯ KCHSC] and green foxtail [ Setaria viridis (L.) Beauv. ♯ SETVI] as influenced by temperature and humidity for 1 week after treatment, and by soil moisture and nitrogen. Chlorsulfuron was more phytotoxic to both kochia and green foxtail at 95 to 100% than at 45 to 50% relative humidity for 1 week after treatment whether at 10, 20, or 30 C. Chlorsulfuron phytotoxicity was similar with all posttreatment temperatures at each humidity, except that phytotoxicity was lower at 30 C than at 10 or 20 C at 90 to 100% humidity. Surfactant added to chlorsulfuron exhanced control of kochia more than that of green foxtail and overcame temperature and humidity effects on chlorsulfuron phytotoxicity. A simulated rainfall of 2 mm after chlorsulfuron application reduced toxicity of chlorsulfuron to green foxtail more than to kochia. Chlorsulfuron was more phytotoxic to green foxtail growing with a high than a low soil nitrogen level. High soil moisture following chlorsulfuron application enhanced phytotoxicity to kochia and green foxtail compared to high soil moisture before treatment.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
High relative humidity increased chlorsulfuron phytotoxicity to kochia compared with low humidity at all three tested temperatures.
- Treatment
- 95 to 100%e0
- Outcome
- Chlorsulfuron was more phytotoxice0
- Direction
- more phytotoxice0
- Qualifier
- whether at 10, 20, or 30 Ce0
- Comparator
- 45 to 50% relative humiditye0
BassiaOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlorsulfuron was more phytotoxic to both kochia and green foxtail at 95 to 100% than at 45 to 50% relative humidity for 1 week after treatment whether at 10, 20, or 30 C.”
Claim · model-written summary
High relative humidity increased chlorsulfuron phytotoxicity to green foxtail compared with low humidity at all three tested temperatures.
Verbatim
e0“Chlorsulfuron was more phytotoxic to both kochia and green foxtail at 95 to 100% than at 45 to 50% relative humidity for 1 week after treatment whether at 10, 20, or 30 C.”
Claim · model-written summary
Temperature generally did not change phytotoxicity within each humidity level.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Chlorsulfuron phytotoxicity was similar with all posttreatment temperatures at each humidity”
Claim · model-written summary
At high humidity, phytotoxicity was lower at 30 C than at 10 or 20 C.
- Treatment
- 30 Ce0
- Outcome
- phytotoxicitye0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- 90 to 100% humiditye0
- Comparator
- 10 or 20 Ce0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“phytotoxicity was lower at 30 C than at 10 or 20 C at 90 to 100% humidity”
Claim · model-written summary
Surfactant enhanced chlorsulfuron control of kochia more than control of green foxtail.
- Treatment
- Surfactant added to chlorsulfurone0
- Outcome
- control of kochiae0
- Direction
- exhancede0
- Comparator
- green foxtaile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Surfactant added to chlorsulfuron exhanced control of kochia more than that of green foxtail”
Claim · model-written summary
Surfactant overcame temperature and humidity effects on chlorsulfuron phytotoxicity.
- Treatment
- Surfactant added to chlorsulfurone0
- Outcome
- temperature and humidity effects on chlorsulfuron phytotoxicitye0
- Direction
- overcamee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Surfactant added to chlorsulfuron exhanced control of kochia more than that of green foxtail and overcame temperature and humidity effects on chlorsulfuron phytotoxicity.”
Claim · model-written summary
Simulated rainfall reduced chlorsulfuron toxicity to green foxtail more than to kochia.
Verbatim
e0“A simulated rainfall of 2 mm after chlorsulfuron application reduced toxicity of chlorsulfuron to green foxtail more than to kochia.”
Claim · model-written summary
High soil nitrogen increased chlorsulfuron phytotoxicity to green foxtail relative to low nitrogen.
Verbatim
e0“Chlorsulfuron was more phytotoxic to green foxtail growing with a high than a low soil nitrogen level.”
Claim · model-written summary
High soil moisture after application increased phytotoxicity to kochia relative to high moisture before application.
- Treatment
- High soil moisture following chlorsulfuron applicatione0
- Outcome
- phytotoxicity to kochiae0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- high soil moisture before treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High soil moisture following chlorsulfuron application enhanced phytotoxicity to kochia and green foxtail compared to high soil moisture before treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
High soil moisture after application increased phytotoxicity to green foxtail relative to high moisture before application.
Verbatim
e0“High soil moisture following chlorsulfuron application enhanced phytotoxicity to kochia and green foxtail compared to high soil moisture before treatment.”