Abstract
Flax ( Linum usitatissimum L.) is an economic crop which has a dual purpose, for seeds and fibers. Biofertilizers have a significant effect on several metabolic processes; enhance plant growth and development via increasing of photosynthesis, endogenous hormones, ion uptake, nucleic acid, and protein synthesis. Thus this study deals with investigating the enhancing role of biofertilizers on the quality and quantity of three flax cultivars. A field experiment were carried out at the experimental Station of National Research Centre, Nubaria district, El-Behera Governorate, Egypt, during two successive winter seasons of 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 on flax cultivars (Line-3, Linola, and Sakha-1). Application of biofertilization treatments (Mycorrhiza, milk whey, yeast, and yeast extract as soil drench or foliar application, respectively) affects significantly most of the studied characters. Data show significant variations in vegetative growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, carbohydrate, phenolic content, as well as seed yield, yield components, and nutritive value (oil, protein, flavonoid, and phenolic content) of the yielded seeds between three flax cultivars. Sakha-1 cultivar showed more adaptation to the conditions of sandy soil than the linola and Line-3 cultivars and reflected on the highest significant value of seed yield. All applied treatments caused significant increases in seed yield and its components of three flax cultivars under investigation. Sakha-1 cultivar showed the highest significant increase in seed yield/fed due to yeast extract treatment followed by milk whey treatment. Further, mycorrhiza treatment significantly increased seed yield of linola cultivar. Regarding Line-3, the highest significant increase in seed yield/fed was obtained by milk whey and yeast extract treatments respectively. Yeast extract treatment is the most promising treatment that showed the highest significant increase in nutritive value of seed yield for the three flax cultivars under investigation. Yeast treatment caused the highest increase in total unsaturated fatty acid accompanied by the lowest decrease in total saturated fatty acid of three flax cultivars.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilization significantly affected most studied flax characters.
- Taxon
- flax
Linum usitatissimumt0 - Treatment
- biofertilization treatmentse0
- Outcome
- most of the studied characterse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of biofertilization treatments (Mycorrhiza, milk whey, yeast, and yeast extract as soil drench or foliar application, respectively) affects significantly most of the studied characters”
t0“flax cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Flax cultivars differed significantly in growth and photosynthetic pigments.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimume0
- Material
- three flax cultivarse0
- Outcome
- vegetative growth parameters, photosynthetic pigmentse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Data show significant variations in vegetative growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, carbohydrate, phenolic content, as well as seed yield, yield components, and nutritive value (oil, protein, flavonoid, and phenolic content) of the yielded seeds between three flax cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Flax cultivars differed significantly in carbohydrate and phenolic content.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimume0
- Material
- three flax cultivarse0
- Outcome
- carbohydrate, phenolic contente0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Data show significant variations in vegetative growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, carbohydrate, phenolic content, as well as seed yield, yield components, and nutritive value (oil, protein, flavonoid, and phenolic content) of the yielded seeds between three flax cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Flax cultivars differed significantly in seed yield and yield components.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimume0
- Material
- three flax cultivarse0
- Outcome
- seed yield, yield componentse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Data show significant variations in vegetative growth parameters, photosynthetic pigments, carbohydrate, phenolic content, as well as seed yield, yield components, and nutritive value (oil, protein, flavonoid, and phenolic content) of the yielded seeds between three flax cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Flax cultivars differed significantly in seed nutritive value.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimumt0
- Material
- three flax cultivarse0
- Outcome
- nutritive value (oil, protein, flavonoid, and phenolic content)e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nutritive value (oil, protein, flavonoid, and phenolic content) of the yielded seeds between three flax cultivars”
t0“flax cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Sakha-1 was better adapted to sandy soil than Linola and Line-3.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimumt0
- Material
- Sakha-1e0
- Outcome
- adaptatione0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- linola and Line-3 cultivarse0
- Setting
- sandy soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sakha-1 cultivar showed more adaptation to the conditions of sandy soil than the linola and Line-3 cultivars”
t0“flax cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Sakha-1 had the highest significant seed yield.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimumt0
- Material
- Sakha-1e0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sakha-1 cultivar showed more adaptation to the conditions of sandy soil than the linola and Line-3 cultivars and reflected on the highest significant value of seed yield”
t0“flax cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
All treatments significantly increased seed yield and components in the three flax cultivars.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimume0
- Treatment
- All applied treatmentse0
- Outcome
- seed yield and its componentse0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All applied treatments caused significant increases in seed yield and its components of three flax cultivars under investigation”
Claim · model-written summary
Yeast extract gave Sakha-1 its highest significant seed yield increase.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimumt0
- Material
- Sakha-1e0
- Treatment
- yeast extract treatmente0
- Outcome
- seed yield/fede0
- Direction
- highest significant increasee0
- Comparator
- milk whey treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sakha-1 cultivar showed the highest significant increase in seed yield/fed due to yeast extract treatment followed by milk whey treatment”
t0“flax cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhiza significantly increased Linola seed yield.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimumt0
- Material
- linolae0
- Treatment
- mycorrhiza treatmente0
- Interactor
- mycorrhizae0symbiont
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“mycorrhiza treatment significantly increased seed yield of linola cultivar”
t0“flax cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Milk whey gave Line-3 its highest significant seed yield increase.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimumt0
- Material
- Line-3e0
- Treatment
- milk wheye0
- Outcome
- seed yield/fede0
- Direction
- highest significant increasee0
- Comparator
- yeast extract treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Regarding Line-3, the highest significant increase in seed yield/fed was obtained by milk whey and yeast extract treatments respectively”
t0“flax cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Yeast extract gave the highest significant increase in seed nutritive value across three cultivars.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimume0
- Treatment
- Yeast extract treatmente0
- Outcome
- nutritive value of seed yielde0
- Direction
- highest significant increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yeast extract treatment is the most promising treatment that showed the highest significant increase in nutritive value of seed yield for the three flax cultivars under investigation”
Claim · model-written summary
Yeast treatment increased total unsaturated fatty acid most.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimume0
- Treatment
- Yeast treatmente0
- Outcome
- total unsaturated fatty acide0
- Direction
- highest increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yeast treatment caused the highest increase in total unsaturated fatty acid accompanied by the lowest decrease in total saturated fatty acid of three flax cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Yeast treatment caused the lowest decrease in total saturated fatty acid.
- Taxon
- flaxLinum usitatissimume0
- Treatment
- Yeast treatmente0
- Outcome
- total saturated fatty acide0
- Direction
- lowest decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yeast treatment caused the highest increase in total unsaturated fatty acid accompanied by the lowest decrease in total saturated fatty acid of three flax cultivars”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · yield · Linum usitatissimum (flax)Positive and negative results
11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- positive
9 papers more in this group
See all 13 papers →mycorrhiza · yield · Linum usitatissimum (flax)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.