Paper · 2024 · Oil Crop Science

Effectiveness of biofertilizers foliar application on yield and quality traits of flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)

Saied El Sayed; A.B. Bakry; O.A. Nofal; et al.

7
claims
14
verbatim quotes
5
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by-nc-nd

Abstract

Flax is considered to be one of the most significant dual-purpose crops for oil and fiber production in Egypt and worldwide. Biofertilizers have a substantial impact on various metabolic processes, including increased photosynthesis, endogenous hormone levels, ion absorption, nucleic acid synthesis, and protein synthesis. These factors collectively contribute to the growth and development of plants. Therefore, this study aims to investigate how three biofertilizers (Algae extract, CMS as a by-product of yeast, and Metalosate multi minerals as amino acids) can enhance both the quantity and quality of flax seed yield under sandy soil conditions. Two field experiments were conducted at the Experimental Station of National Research Centre in Nubaria District, Behira Governorate, Egypt during two seasons (2021/2022) using a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The results revealed significant differences among all tested biofertilizers in terms of various characteristics studied in flax. Foliar application of algae extract at a rate of 1.50 mL/L resulted in an increase in seed yield (ton/ha) by 26.69% & 19.89%, straw yield (ton/ha) by 8.08% & 17.12%, and oil yield (kg/ha) by 47.72% & 33.69% compared to the control group during both seasons respectively. Foliar applications of algae extract at a rate of 1.5 mL/L along with CMS at a rate of 5 mL/L and amino acids at a rate of 1.5 mL/L demonstrated significantly higher macronutrient contents (N, P, K), micronutrient contents(Fe, Zn, Mn), seed oil content , and protein content in flax seeds during both seasons. The highest values for seed oil content and protein content % were obtained through foliar application of amino acids at a rate of 1.50 mL/L. It can be concluded that foliar sprays with these biofertilizers effectively improved flax performance by increasing seed straw and oil yields, nutrients oil, protein and fatty acids seeds contents.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗

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Claims 7

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Algae extract increased flax seed yield by 26.69% and 19.89% in the two seasons versus control.

Treatment
Foliar application of algae extract at a rate of 1.50 mL/Le0
Outcome
seed yield (ton/ha)e0
Direction
increasee0
Value
26.69% & 19.89%e0
Comparator
control groupe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Linum usitatissimum
Linum usitatissimum · TaxonH. Zell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Foliar application of algae extract at a rate of 1.50 mL/L resulted in an increase in seed yield (ton/ha) by 26.69% & 19.89%, straw yield (ton/ha) by 8.08% & 17.12%, and oil yield (kg/ha) by 47.72% & 33.69% compared to the control group during both seasons respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1002–1272 · show in text ↑
t0

“flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–111 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Algae extract increased flax straw yield by 8.08% and 17.12% in the two seasons versus control.

Treatment
Foliar application of algae extract at a rate of 1.50 mL/Le0
Outcome
straw yield (ton/ha)e0
Direction
increasee0
Value
8.08% & 17.12%e0
Comparator
control groupe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Linum usitatissimum
Linum usitatissimum · TaxonH. Zell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Foliar application of algae extract at a rate of 1.50 mL/L resulted in an increase in seed yield (ton/ha) by 26.69% & 19.89%, straw yield (ton/ha) by 8.08% & 17.12%, and oil yield (kg/ha) by 47.72% & 33.69% compared to the control group during both seasons respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1002–1272 · show in text ↑
t0

“flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–111 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Algae extract increased flax oil yield by 47.72% and 33.69% in the two seasons versus control.

Treatment
Foliar application of algae extract at a rate of 1.50 mL/Le0
Outcome
oil yield (kg/ha)e0
Direction
increasee0
Value
47.72% & 33.69%e0
Comparator
control groupe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Linum usitatissimum
Linum usitatissimum · TaxonH. Zell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Foliar application of algae extract at a rate of 1.50 mL/L resulted in an increase in seed yield (ton/ha) by 26.69% & 19.89%, straw yield (ton/ha) by 8.08% & 17.12%, and oil yield (kg/ha) by 47.72% & 33.69% compared to the control group during both seasons respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1002–1272 · show in text ↑
t0

“flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–111 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Algae extract foliar application produced higher flax seed macronutrient, micronutrient, oil and protein contents in both seasons.

Treatment
algae extract at a rate of 1.5 mL/Le0
Outcome
macronutrient contents (N, P, K), micronutrient contents(Fe, Zn, Mn), seed oil content , and protein contente0
Direction
highere0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Linum usitatissimum
Linum usitatissimum · TaxonH. Zell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Foliar applications of algae extract at a rate of 1.5 mL/L along with CMS at a rate of 5 mL/L and amino acids at a rate of 1.5 mL/L demonstrated significantly higher macronutrient contents (N, P, K), micronutrient contents(Fe, Zn, Mn), seed oil content , and protein content in flax seeds during both seasons.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1273–1582 · show in text ↑
t0

“flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–111 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

CMS foliar application produced higher flax seed macronutrient, micronutrient, oil and protein contents in both seasons.

Treatment
CMS at a rate of 5 mL/Le0
Outcome
macronutrient contents (N, P, K), micronutrient contents(Fe, Zn, Mn), seed oil content , and protein contente0
Direction
highere0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Linum usitatissimum
Linum usitatissimum · TaxonH. Zell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Foliar applications of algae extract at a rate of 1.5 mL/L along with CMS at a rate of 5 mL/L and amino acids at a rate of 1.5 mL/L demonstrated significantly higher macronutrient contents (N, P, K), micronutrient contents(Fe, Zn, Mn), seed oil content , and protein content in flax seeds during both seasons.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1273–1582 · show in text ↑
t0

“flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–111 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Amino acid foliar application produced higher flax seed macronutrient, micronutrient, oil and protein contents in both seasons.

Treatment
amino acids at a rate of 1.5 mL/Le0
Outcome
macronutrient contents (N, P, K), micronutrient contents(Fe, Zn, Mn), seed oil content , and protein contente0
Direction
highere0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Linum usitatissimum
Linum usitatissimum · TaxonH. Zell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Foliar applications of algae extract at a rate of 1.5 mL/L along with CMS at a rate of 5 mL/L and amino acids at a rate of 1.5 mL/L demonstrated significantly higher macronutrient contents (N, P, K), micronutrient contents(Fe, Zn, Mn), seed oil content , and protein content in flax seeds during both seasons.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1273–1582 · show in text ↑
t0

“flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–111 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Amino acid foliar application gave the highest flax seed oil and protein content percentages.

Treatment
foliar application of amino acids at a rate of 1.50 mL/Le0
Outcome
seed oil content and protein content %e0
Direction
higheste0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Linum usitatissimum
Linum usitatissimum · TaxonH. Zell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The highest values for seed oil content and protein content % were obtained through foliar application of amino acids at a rate of 1.50 mL/L.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1583–1724 · show in text ↑
t0

“flax (Linum usitatissimum L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 82–111 · show in text ↑

botanical · yield · Linum usitatissimum (flax)Positive and negative results

13 papers: 12 positive, 1 negative or no effect

11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. no effect
  3. positive

9 papers more in this group

See all 13 papers →

application · yield · Linum usitatissimum (flax)Positive and negative results

54 papers: 50 positive, 4 negative or no effect

49 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. negative

50 papers more in this group

See all 54 papers →

application · quality: oil · Linum usitatissimum (flax)Results agree

8 papers: 8 positive, 0 negative or no effect

7 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

4 papers more in this group

See all 8 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.