Abstract
PULICARIA UNDULATA is one of the aromatic annual herbs used in folk medicine in Egypt. The aerial parts of P. undulata plants were collected from the Red sea coastal desert during the flowering stage and used for phytochemical analysis. It was revealed that P. undulata aerial portions contain phenols, flavonoids terpenoids, saponins, alkaloids, glucosinolates and cardiac glycosides highlighting its participation in drug development and using as an alternative strategy to the harmful synthetic fungicides. The greater accumulation of the bioactive compounds in the methanolic extract was comparable with its higher antioxidant capacity and IC50 value as compared with those of the petroleum ether extract. The GC-MS analysis revealed the occurrence of ten bioactive phytocomponents including cyclotrisiloxane, hexamethyl-, cyclotetrasiloxane, octamethyl-, cyclopentasiloxane, decamethyl, dodecanoic acid, methyl ester, tetrafluorophthalonitrile, gamma-Sitosterol, nonacosane, 4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-Octamethyl ,4,4a,5,6,6a,6b,7,8,8a,9,10,11,12,12a,14,14a,14b-octadecahydro-2H-picen-3-one, thiazolo[4,5-f]quinoline and 7-methyl-. In addition, the methanolic extract exhibited antifungal activity against the investigated six pathogenic fungal strains: Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Microsporum canis, Microsporum boulardii and Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Based on the values of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC), the methanolic extract has demonstrated a fungicidal effect on M. boulardii IFM 56403, T. mentagrophytes AUMC 11661, M. canis AUMC 11663, and C. albicans AUMC 9142. The cytotoxicity evaluation of the methanolic extract showed safe levels in case of these four fungal strains. The petroleum ether extract, inhibited the tested fungi but with lower efficiency. Our results suggest the promising antifungal activity of P. undulata on medically important fungi.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Pulicaria aerial portions contain phenols, flavonoids and terpenoids.
- Taxon
- P. undulata
Francoeuria undulatae0 - Organ / stage
- aerial portionse0
- Outcome
- phenols, flavonoids terpenoidse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It was revealed that P. undulata aerial portions contain phenols, flavonoids terpenoids, saponins, alkaloids, glucosinolates and cardiac glycosides highlighting its participation in drug development and using as an alternative strategy to the harmful synthetic fungicides.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pulicaria aerial portions contain saponins, alkaloids and glucosinolates.
- Taxon
- P. undulataFrancoeuria undulatae0
- Organ / stage
- aerial portionse0
- Outcome
- saponins, alkaloids, glucosinolatese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P. undulata aerial portions contain phenols, flavonoids terpenoids, saponins, alkaloids, glucosinolates and cardiac glycosides”
Claim · model-written summary
Pulicaria aerial portions contain cardiac glycosides.
- Taxon
- P. undulataFrancoeuria undulatae0
- Organ / stage
- aerial portionse0
- Outcome
- cardiac glycosidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“P. undulata aerial portions contain phenols, flavonoids terpenoids, saponins, alkaloids, glucosinolates and cardiac glycosides”
Claim · model-written summary
Greater bioactive-compound accumulation in methanolic extract accompanied higher antioxidant capacity and IC50 than petroleum ether extract.
- Taxon
- Pulicaria undulataFrancoeuria undulatat0
- Material
- methanolic extracte0
- Outcome
- antioxidant capacity and IC50 valuee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- petroleum ether extracte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The greater accumulation of the bioactive compounds in the methanolic extract was comparable with its higher antioxidant capacity and IC50 value as compared with those of the petroleum ether extract.”
t0“Pulicaria undulata”
Claim · model-written summary
GC-MS detected cyclotrisiloxane, hexamethyl-, cyclotetrasiloxane, octamethyl-, and cyclopentasiloxane, decamethyl in Pulicaria.
- Taxon
- Pulicaria undulataFrancoeuria undulatat0
- Outcome
- cyclotrisiloxane, hexamethyl-, cyclotetrasiloxane, octamethyl-, cyclopentasiloxane, decamethyle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The GC-MS analysis revealed the occurrence of ten bioactive phytocomponents including cyclotrisiloxane, hexamethyl-, cyclotetrasiloxane, octamethyl-, cyclopentasiloxane, decamethyl”
t0“Pulicaria undulata”
Claim · model-written summary
GC-MS detected dodecanoic acid, methyl ester, tetrafluorophthalonitrile and gamma-Sitosterol.
- Taxon
- Pulicaria undulataFrancoeuria undulatat0
- Outcome
- dodecanoic acid, methyl ester, tetrafluorophthalonitrile, gamma-Sitosterole0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“dodecanoic acid, methyl ester, tetrafluorophthalonitrile, gamma-Sitosterol”
t0“Pulicaria undulata”
Claim · model-written summary
GC-MS detected nonacosane and the named octamethyl picenone constituent.
- Taxon
- Pulicaria undulataFrancoeuria undulatat0
- Outcome
- nonacosane, 4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-Octamethyl ,4,4a,5,6,6a,6b,7,8,8a,9,10,11,12,12a,14,14a,14b-octadecahydro-2H-picen-3-onee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nonacosane, 4,4,6a,6b,8a,11,11,14b-Octamethyl ,4,4a,5,6,6a,6b,7,8,8a,9,10,11,12,12a,14,14a,14b-octadecahydro-2H-picen-3-one”
t0“Pulicaria undulata”
Claim · model-written summary
GC-MS reported thiazolo[4,5-f]quinoline and 7-methyl-.
- Taxon
- Pulicaria undulataFrancoeuria undulatat0
- Outcome
- thiazolo[4,5-f]quinoline and 7-methyl-e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“thiazolo[4,5-f]quinoline and 7-methyl-”
t0“Pulicaria undulata”
Claim · model-written summary
Methanolic extract showed antifungal activity against Aspergillus flavus.
- Taxon
- Aspergillus flavus
Aspergillus flavuse0 - Treatment
- methanolic extracte0
- Outcome
- antifungal activitye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the methanolic extract exhibited antifungal activity against the investigated six pathogenic fungal strains: Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Microsporum canis, Microsporum boulardii and Trichophyton mentagrophytes.”
Claim · model-written summary
Methanolic extract showed antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus.
- Taxon
- Aspergillus fumigatus
_(6500080065).jpg?width=60)
Aspergillus fumigatuse0 - Treatment
- methanolic extracte0
- Outcome
- antifungal activitye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_(6500080065).jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“the methanolic extract exhibited antifungal activity against the investigated six pathogenic fungal strains: Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Microsporum canis, Microsporum boulardii and Trichophyton mentagrophytes.”
Claim · model-written summary
Methanolic extract showed antifungal activity against Candida albicans.
- Taxon
- Candida albicans
Candida albicanse0 - Treatment
- methanolic extracte0
- Outcome
- antifungal activitye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the methanolic extract exhibited antifungal activity against the investigated six pathogenic fungal strains: Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Microsporum canis, Microsporum boulardii and Trichophyton mentagrophytes.”
Claim · model-written summary
Methanolic extract showed antifungal activity against Microsporum canis.
- Taxon
- Microsporum canis
Microsporum canise0 - Treatment
- methanolic extracte0
- Outcome
- antifungal activitye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the methanolic extract exhibited antifungal activity against the investigated six pathogenic fungal strains: Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Microsporum canis, Microsporum boulardii and Trichophyton mentagrophytes.”
Claim · model-written summary
Methanolic extract showed antifungal activity against Microsporum boulardii.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“the methanolic extract exhibited antifungal activity against the investigated six pathogenic fungal strains: Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Microsporum canis, Microsporum boulardii and Trichophyton mentagrophytes.”
Claim · model-written summary
Methanolic extract showed antifungal activity against Trichophyton mentagrophytes.
- Taxon
- Trichophyton mentagrophytes
Trichophyton mentagrophytese0 - Treatment
- methanolic extracte0
- Outcome
- antifungal activitye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the methanolic extract exhibited antifungal activity against the investigated six pathogenic fungal strains: Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, Microsporum canis, Microsporum boulardii and Trichophyton mentagrophytes.”
Claim · model-written summary
Methanolic extract was fungicidal against M. boulardii IFM 56403 and had safe cytotoxicity levels in this case.
- Taxon
- M. boulardiie0
- Material
- IFM 56403e0
- Treatment
- methanolic extracte0
- Outcome
- fungicidal effecte0
- Qualifier
- safe levelse1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“the methanolic extract has demonstrated a fungicidal effect on M. boulardii IFM 56403, T. mentagrophytes AUMC 11661, M. canis AUMC 11663, and C. albicans AUMC 9142.”
e1“The cytotoxicity evaluation of the methanolic extract showed safe levels in case of these four fungal strains.”
Claim · model-written summary
Methanolic extract was fungicidal against T. mentagrophytes AUMC 11661 and had safe cytotoxicity levels in this case.
- Taxon
- T. mentagrophytesTrichophyton mentagrophytese0
- Material
- AUMC 11661e0
- Treatment
- methanolic extracte0
- Outcome
- fungicidal effecte0
- Qualifier
- safe levelse1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the methanolic extract has demonstrated a fungicidal effect on M. boulardii IFM 56403, T. mentagrophytes AUMC 11661, M. canis AUMC 11663, and C. albicans AUMC 9142.”
e1“The cytotoxicity evaluation of the methanolic extract showed safe levels in case of these four fungal strains.”
Claim · model-written summary
Methanolic extract was fungicidal against M. canis AUMC 11663 and had safe cytotoxicity levels in this case.
- Taxon
- M. canisMicrosporum canise0
- Material
- AUMC 11663e0
- Treatment
- methanolic extracte0
- Outcome
- fungicidal effecte0
- Qualifier
- safe levelse1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the methanolic extract has demonstrated a fungicidal effect on M. boulardii IFM 56403, T. mentagrophytes AUMC 11661, M. canis AUMC 11663, and C. albicans AUMC 9142.”
e1“The cytotoxicity evaluation of the methanolic extract showed safe levels in case of these four fungal strains.”
Claim · model-written summary
Methanolic extract was fungicidal against C. albicans AUMC 9142 and had safe cytotoxicity levels in this case.
- Taxon
- C. albicansCandida albicanse0
- Material
- AUMC 9142e0
- Treatment
- methanolic extracte0
- Outcome
- fungicidal effecte0
- Qualifier
- safe levelse1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the methanolic extract has demonstrated a fungicidal effect on M. boulardii IFM 56403, T. mentagrophytes AUMC 11661, M. canis AUMC 11663, and C. albicans AUMC 9142.”
e1“The cytotoxicity evaluation of the methanolic extract showed safe levels in case of these four fungal strains.”
Claim · model-written summary
Petroleum ether extract inhibited the tested fungi less efficiently.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The petroleum ether extract, inhibited the tested fungi but with lower efficiency.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose Pulicaria as a promising antifungal source for medically important fungi.
- Taxon
- P. undulataFrancoeuria undulatae0
- Outcome
- promising antifungal activitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Our results suggest the promising antifungal activity of P. undulata on medically important fungi.”
The same questions in other papers
botanical · disease · Aspergillus fumigatusPositive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
botanical · disease · Candida albicansResults agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →botanical · disease · Aspergillus flavusResults agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.