Abstract
Abstract Inclusion of legumes in cropping systems is essential for sustainable management of farming systems and reducing the nitrogen (N) fertilizer requirement for maize production. The study evaluated the effect of growing legumes (soybean, cowpea and velvet bean) and maize the same year in rotation, on maize yield and soil fertility indices. The agronomic practices implemented were residue management (residue added and residue removed) and fertilizer N application (0 kg N ha −1 and 60 kg N ha −1 ) under four rotation systems. The result showed that growing velvet bean the same year in rotation with maize was effective in increasing maize yield and improving some soil fertility indices over growing maize after maize the same year in the same location. Compared to maize monocropping, over 100% increase in maize yield was obtained with velvet bean-maize rotation even in absence of residue incorporation. In addition, velvet bean-maize rotation increased maize yield over cowpea- and soybean- maize rotations. The rotation effect occurred as a result of improvement in soil nitrogen, avail phosphorus (P), exchangeable magnesium (exch Mg) and effective cation exchange capacity (ECEC). Grain legumes-maize rotations equally increased maize yield over sole maize. Generally legume-maize rotations increased total N, avail P, exch K, Mg and effective cation exchange capacity over sole maize. Crop residue incorporation and N fertilizer application significantly improved soil N and maize grain yield (0.18%, 2.74 tha −1 in 2008; 0.22%, 1.16 tha −1 in 2009 and 0.19%, 2.72 tha −1 in 2008; 1.35 tha −1 in 2009 respectively) over non-residue incorporation (0.16% and 1.84 tha −1 in 2008, 0.66 tha −1 in 2009) and zero N application (0.16% and 1.83 tha −1 in 2008 and 0.17% and 0.85 tha −1 in 2009). Therefore, velvet bean could be planted the same season with subsequent maize in rotation cropping for intensive sustainable maize production in sandy-loam soils without fertilizer N. For grain legumes such as soybean and cowpea to be effective in rotation cropping with maize, the grain legumes have to be planted early before the full set of rain because excess rain would affect their growth and development.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Velvet bean-maize rotation gave over 100% higher maize yield than maize monocropping even without residue incorporation.
- Treatment
- velvet bean-maize rotatione0
- Outcome
- maize yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- over 100%e0
- Comparator
- maize monocroppinge0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared to maize monocropping, over 100% increase in maize yield was obtained with velvet bean-maize rotation even in absence of residue incorporation”
Claim · model-written summary
Velvet bean-maize rotation increased maize yield over cowpea- and soybean-maize rotations.
- Treatment
- velvet bean-maize rotatione0
- Outcome
- maize yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- cowpea- and soybean- maize rotationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“velvet bean-maize rotation increased maize yield over cowpea- and soybean- maize rotations”
Claim · model-written summary
Legume-maize rotations increased soil total N, available P, exchangeable K, Mg and ECEC over sole maize.
- Treatment
- legume-maize rotationse0
- Outcome
- total N, avail P, exch K, Mg and effective cation exchange capacitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- sole maizee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Generally legume-maize rotations increased total N, avail P, exch K, Mg and effective cation exchange capacity over sole maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Crop residue incorporation significantly improved soil N and maize grain yield.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Crop residue incorporation and N fertilizer application significantly improved soil N and maize grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
N fertilizer application significantly improved soil N and maize grain yield.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Crop residue incorporation and N fertilizer application significantly improved soil N and maize grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Velvet bean could be planted the same season with subsequent maize in rotation for sustainable maize production in sandy-loam soils without fertilizer N.
- Outcome
- intensive sustainable maize productione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“velvet bean could be planted the same season with subsequent maize in rotation cropping for intensive sustainable maize production in sandy-loam soils without fertilizer N”
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