Abstract
Core Ideas Super hybrid and regular hybrid varieties differed in their response to shade stress. Apparent exportation, apparent export ratio, and apparent transformation ratio significantly increased under shade stress. Maintaining higher radiation use efficiency and daily biomass production during grain‐filling stage may alleviate yield loss under shade stress. Continuous cloudy weather during grain‐filling stage has induced a significant rice ( Oryza sativa L.) yield loss. Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of shade stress on radiation use efficiency (RUE), biomass production, and grain yield in two consecutive years by shading from flowering to maturity using super hybrid rice (SHR) varieties (Liangyoupeijiu, Yliangyou900) and an ordinary hybrid rice (OHR) variety (Shanyou63). The shading environment was created with shade nets above the rice canopy to reduce light intensity by 40%. Grain yield in SHR was reduced by 48.0% under shade stress, which was significantly higher than OHR (30.3%). Seed set percentage and grain weight were the key factors that determined grain yield under shade stress after flowering. Seed set percentage decreased by 50.1% in SHR and 23.8% in OHR. Under shade stress total dry weight in SHR decreased by 32.4 and 26.3% in ordinary rice varieties. Mean apparent exportation (AE), apparent export ratio (AER), and apparent transformation ratio (ATR) of these varieties increased by 46.1, 45.7, and 227% respectively, under shade stress across years. The difference in intercepted percentage between shade stress and non‐shaded conditions was insignificant, but RUE was significantly affected by shade stress. Radiation use efficiency in SHR decreased by 28.5 and 22.2% in OHR. There were very significantly ( P < 0.01) positive linear relationships between RUE, daily biomass production, and grain yield during grain‐filling stage. Our study suggests that higher RUE and daily biomass production during grain‐filling stage may alleviate yield loss under shade stress.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Shade reduced super hybrid rice grain yield by 48.0%.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Material
- SHRe0
- Treatment
- shade stresse0
- Outcome
- Grain yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 48.0%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield in SHR was reduced by 48.0% under shade stress, which was significantly higher than OHR (30.3%).”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade reduced ordinary hybrid rice grain yield by 30.3%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- OHRe0
- Treatment
- shade stresse0
- Outcome
- Grain yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 30.3%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain yield in SHR was reduced by 48.0% under shade stress, which was significantly higher than OHR (30.3%).”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade reduced seed set percentage in super hybrid rice by 50.1%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- SHRe0
- Treatment
- Shade Stresst0
- Outcome
- Seed set percentagee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 50.1%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed set percentage decreased by 50.1% in SHR and 23.8% in OHR.”
t0“Rice under Shade Stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade reduced seed set percentage in ordinary hybrid rice by 23.8%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- OHRe0
- Treatment
- Shade Stresst0
- Outcome
- Seed set percentagee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 23.8%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed set percentage decreased by 50.1% in SHR and 23.8% in OHR.”
t0“Rice under Shade Stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade reduced total dry weight in super hybrid rice by 32.4%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- SHRe0
- Treatment
- shade stresse0
- Outcome
- total dry weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 32.4e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under shade stress total dry weight in SHR decreased by 32.4 and 26.3% in ordinary rice varieties.”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade reduced total dry weight in ordinary rice varieties by 26.3%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- ordinary rice varietiese0
- Treatment
- shade stresse0
- Outcome
- total dry weighte0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 26.3%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under shade stress total dry weight in SHR decreased by 32.4 and 26.3% in ordinary rice varieties.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean apparent exportation increased by 46.1% under shade.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- shade stresse0
- Outcome
- apparent exportatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 46.1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mean apparent exportation (AE), apparent export ratio (AER), and apparent transformation ratio (ATR) of these varieties increased by 46.1, 45.7, and 227% respectively, under shade stress across years.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean apparent export ratio increased by 45.7% under shade.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- shade stresse0
- Outcome
- apparent export ratioe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 45.7e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mean apparent exportation (AE), apparent export ratio (AER), and apparent transformation ratio (ATR) of these varieties increased by 46.1, 45.7, and 227% respectively, under shade stress across years.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Mean apparent transformation ratio increased by 227% under shade.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- shade stresse0
- Outcome
- apparent transformation ratioe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 227%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mean apparent exportation (AE), apparent export ratio (AER), and apparent transformation ratio (ATR) of these varieties increased by 46.1, 45.7, and 227% respectively, under shade stress across years.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade and nonshaded rice did not differ significantly in intercepted percentage.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- shade stresse0
- Outcome
- intercepted percentagee0
- Comparator
- non‐shaded conditionse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The difference in intercepted percentage between shade stress and non‐shaded conditions was insignificant”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade reduced radiation use efficiency in super hybrid rice by 28.5%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- SHRe0
- Treatment
- shade stresse1
- Outcome
- Radiation use efficiencye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 28.5e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Radiation use efficiency in SHR decreased by 28.5 and 22.2% in OHR.”
t0“Rice”
e1“RUE was significantly affected by shade stress.”
Claim · model-written summary
Shade reduced radiation use efficiency in ordinary hybrid rice by 22.2%.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- OHRe0
- Treatment
- Shade Stresst0
- Outcome
- Radiation use efficiencye0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Value
- 22.2%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Radiation use efficiency in SHR decreased by 28.5 and 22.2% in OHR.”
t0“Rice under Shade Stress”
e1“RUE was significantly affected by shade stress.”
Claim · model-written summary
Radiation use efficiency, daily biomass production and grain yield had very significant positive linear relationships during grain filling.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- grain‐filling stagee0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- positivee0
- Qualifier
- P < 0.01e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were very significantly ( P < 0.01) positive linear relationships between RUE, daily biomass production, and grain yield during grain‐filling stage.”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher radiation use efficiency and daily biomass production during grain filling may alleviate shade-related yield loss.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- higher RUE and daily biomass production during grain‐filling stagee0
- Qualifier
- may alleviate yield loss under shade stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Our study suggests that higher RUE and daily biomass production during grain‐filling stage may alleviate yield loss under shade stress.”
t0“Rice”
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