Abstract
Two field experiments were carried at the Experimental Station Farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Egypt, during 2014 and 2015 seasons to evaluate impact of Farmyard manure (Without – FYM), mineral (100%, 75% and 50% NPK of recommended doses), bio-fertilizers (Without – Yeast - Seaweed - EM) and their interactions on chemical components, quality and yield of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) cv. White velvet. Data obtained in this study cleared that, fertilizing okra plants with FYM (organic treatments) at rate of 20m3/fed increased significantly all measured parameters, i.e. chlorophyll a, b and total, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium percentages in leaves, crude protein %, total carbohydrates %, crude fibers %, vitamin C, beta carotene, nitrate concentration and total yield/fed compared with control treatment (without) except crude fiber in the second season. However, fertilizing okra plants with 75% NPK from recommended doses gave the highest values of all studied parameters in the first season except nitrate and yield. Meanwhile, the superiority of all parameters mentioned previously in the second season was obtained from 100% NPK treatment except chlorophylls content. Moreover, treated plants with bio-fertilizers increased significantly all studied characters compared with untreated plants, except nitrate content. The interaction treatment among FYM at the rate of 20 m3/fed, 75% NPK from recommended doses and EM (2ml/l) addition gave the highest values of quality and yield with significant differences in both seasons of study. Therefore, this treatment could be recommended for improving okra production and decrease the amount of mineral fertilizer under similar circumstances of this study.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Farmyard manure at 20 m3/fed significantly increased chlorophyll a, b and total in okra compared with the control.
- Taxon
- okra
.jpg?width=60)
Abelmoschus esculentuse0 - Treatment
- FYM (organic treatments) at rate of 20m3/fede0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll a, b and totale0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- control treatment (without)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“fertilizing okra plants with FYM (organic treatments) at rate of 20m3/fed increased significantly all measured parameters, i.e. chlorophyll a, b and total, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium percentages in leaves, crude protein %, total carbohydrates %, crude fibers %, vitamin C, beta carotene, nitrate concentration and total yield/fed compared with control treatment (without) except crude fiber in the second season”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmyard manure significantly increased nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium percentages in okra leaves compared with the control.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- FYM (organic treatments) at rate of 20m3/fede0
- Outcome
- nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium percentages in leavese0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- control treatment (without)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fertilizing okra plants with FYM (organic treatments) at rate of 20m3/fed increased significantly all measured parameters, i.e. chlorophyll a, b and total, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium percentages in leaves, crude protein %, total carbohydrates %, crude fibers %, vitamin C, beta carotene, nitrate concentration and total yield/fed compared with control treatment (without) except crude fiber in the second season”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmyard manure significantly increased crude protein, total carbohydrates and crude fibers in okra compared with the control, except crude fiber in the second season.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- FYM (organic treatments) at rate of 20m3/fede0
- Outcome
- crude protein %, total carbohydrates %, crude fibers %e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- except crude fiber in the second seasone0
- Comparator
- control treatment (without)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fertilizing okra plants with FYM (organic treatments) at rate of 20m3/fed increased significantly all measured parameters, i.e. chlorophyll a, b and total, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium percentages in leaves, crude protein %, total carbohydrates %, crude fibers %, vitamin C, beta carotene, nitrate concentration and total yield/fed compared with control treatment (without) except crude fiber in the second season”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmyard manure significantly increased vitamin C and beta carotene in okra compared with the control.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- FYM (organic treatments) at rate of 20m3/fede0
- Outcome
- vitamin C, beta carotenee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- control treatment (without)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fertilizing okra plants with FYM (organic treatments) at rate of 20m3/fed increased significantly all measured parameters, i.e. chlorophyll a, b and total, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium percentages in leaves, crude protein %, total carbohydrates %, crude fibers %, vitamin C, beta carotene, nitrate concentration and total yield/fed compared with control treatment (without) except crude fiber in the second season”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmyard manure significantly increased nitrate concentration in okra compared with the control.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- FYM (organic treatments) at rate of 20m3/fede0
- Outcome
- nitrate concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- control treatment (without)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fertilizing okra plants with FYM (organic treatments) at rate of 20m3/fed increased significantly all measured parameters, i.e. chlorophyll a, b and total, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium percentages in leaves, crude protein %, total carbohydrates %, crude fibers %, vitamin C, beta carotene, nitrate concentration and total yield/fed compared with control treatment (without) except crude fiber in the second season”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmyard manure significantly increased total okra yield per feddan compared with the control.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- FYM (organic treatments) at rate of 20m3/fede0
- Outcome
- total yield/fede0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- control treatment (without)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fertilizing okra plants with FYM (organic treatments) at rate of 20m3/fed increased significantly all measured parameters, i.e. chlorophyll a, b and total, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium percentages in leaves, crude protein %, total carbohydrates %, crude fibers %, vitamin C, beta carotene, nitrate concentration and total yield/fed compared with control treatment (without) except crude fiber in the second season”
Claim · model-written summary
In the first season 75% of the recommended NPK gave the highest values of all studied parameters in okra except nitrate and yield.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Treatment
- 75% NPK from recommended dosese0
- Outcome
- highest values of all studied parameterse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- in the first season except nitrate and yielde0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fertilizing okra plants with 75% NPK from recommended doses gave the highest values of all studied parameters in the first season except nitrate and yield”
Claim · model-written summary
In the second season 100% NPK gave the superiority of all parameters in okra except chlorophylls content.
- Taxon
- OkraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- 100% NPKe0
- Outcome
- superiority of all parameterse0
- Direction
- superioritye0
- Qualifier
- except chlorophylls contente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the superiority of all parameters mentioned previously in the second season was obtained from 100% NPK treatment except chlorophylls content”
t0“Okra”
Claim · model-written summary
Okra plants treated with bio-fertilizers significantly increased all studied characters compared with untreated plants, except nitrate content.
- Taxon
- OkraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- bio-fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- all studied characterse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- except nitrate contente0
- Comparator
- untreated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treated plants with bio-fertilizers increased significantly all studied characters compared with untreated plants, except nitrate content”
t0“Okra”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination of FYM at 20 m3/fed, 75% NPK and EM at 2 ml/l gave the highest quality and yield values in okra, with significant differences in both seasons.
- Taxon
- OkraAbelmoschus esculentust0
- Treatment
- FYM at the rate of 20 m3/fed, 75% NPK from recommended doses and EM (2ml/l) additione0
- Outcome
- highest values of quality and yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The interaction treatment among FYM at the rate of 20 m3/fed, 75% NPK from recommended doses and EM (2ml/l) addition gave the highest values of quality and yield with significant differences in both seasons of study”
t0“Okra”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend the FYM + 75% NPK + EM treatment for improving okra production and reducing the mineral fertilizer amount under similar circumstances.
- Taxon
- okraAbelmoschus esculentuse0
- Outcome
- improving okra production and decrease the amount of mineral fertilizere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this treatment could be recommended for improving okra production and decrease the amount of mineral fertilizer”
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