Abstract
The conventional rice cultivation of Traditional Flooding (TF) seems to be wasting the water and potentially polluting the soil and water due to improper chemical fertilizers and pesticides management (Nguyen et al., 2007). System of Rice Intensification (SRI) is one of the innovative rice cultivations with the principle of single seed replantation and intermitten irrigation (IWMI, 2007). The experiment was conducted to analyze the macro nutrients, total microbes, and the rice production by combinations of nutrient and pest management in TF and SRI system. This study applied a nested experimental design with two factors. The first factor was the cultivation system that consisted of two levels (TF and SRI), and the second factor was nutrient and pest management consisted of three combination levels (synthetic nutrient and pest management/P1, organic-synthetic nutrient and organic pest management/P2, as well as organic nutrient and pest management/P3). These combinations were nested to TF and SRI. Data were analyzed by ANOVA. It is found that P1 showed the highest growth and production in SRI and TF. The numbers of the height, tillers, total grains and the weight of seed per pot in SRI respectively are 87.33 cm, 22.17 tillers, 1179.50 grains, and 32.17 g, meanwhile in TF respectively are 78.75 cm, 17.50 tillers, 1063.33 grains and 29.00 g. P3 shows the highest content of macro nutrients and total microbes in SRI and TF, respectively the contents of C, N, P and K of P3 in SRI are 6.82 % (very high), 0.31 % (moderate), 155.69 ppm (very high), and 1804.85 ppm (very high), meanwhile in TF respectively are 6.52 % (very high), 0.25 % (moderate), 52.60 ppm (very high), and 530.79 ppm (very high). The total microbe contents of P3 in SRI and TF respectively are 2.7 x 108 CFU/g and 3.7 x 108 CFU/g. It is concluded that both in TF and SRI system (1) P1 shows the highest growth and production and (2) P3 shows the highest content of macro nutrients and total microbes. Furthermore, it is suggested that in the future the rice cultivation system should be done in a wider scale and multiple planting seasons in order to be able to precisely measure the significant difference of the rice cultivation system towards the rice growth and production.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
P1 nutrient and pest management gave the highest rice growth and production in both SRI and TF systems.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae2 - Treatment
- P1e1
- Outcome
- growth and productione1
- Direction
- higheste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“P1 showed the highest growth and production in SRI and TF”
e2“the rice production by combinations of nutrient and pest management in TF and SRI system”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice plant height was higher in SRI (87.33 cm) than in TF (78.75 cm).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- SRIe3
- Outcome
- heighte3
- Direction
- higherinferrede3
- Value
- 87.33 cme3
- Comparator
- TFe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“the rice production by combinations of nutrient and pest management in TF and SRI system”
e3“The numbers of the height, tillers, total grains and the weight of seed per pot in SRI respectively are 87.33 cm, 22.17 tillers, 1179.50 grains, and 32.17 g, meanwhile in TF respectively are 78.75 cm, 17.50 tillers, 1063.33 grains and 29.00 g”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice tiller number was higher in SRI (22.17) than in TF (17.50).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- SRIe3
- Outcome
- tillerse3
- Direction
- higherinferrede3
- Value
- 22.17 tillerse3
- Comparator
- TFe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“the rice production by combinations of nutrient and pest management in TF and SRI system”
e3“The numbers of the height, tillers, total grains and the weight of seed per pot in SRI respectively are 87.33 cm, 22.17 tillers, 1179.50 grains, and 32.17 g, meanwhile in TF respectively are 78.75 cm, 17.50 tillers, 1063.33 grains and 29.00 g”
Claim · model-written summary
Total grains per pot were higher in SRI (1179.50) than in TF (1063.33) for rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- SRIe3
- Outcome
- total grainse3
- Direction
- higherinferrede3
- Value
- 1179.50 grainse3
- Comparator
- TFe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“the rice production by combinations of nutrient and pest management in TF and SRI system”
e3“The numbers of the height, tillers, total grains and the weight of seed per pot in SRI respectively are 87.33 cm, 22.17 tillers, 1179.50 grains, and 32.17 g, meanwhile in TF respectively are 78.75 cm, 17.50 tillers, 1063.33 grains and 29.00 g”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed weight per pot was higher in SRI (32.17 g) than in TF (29.00 g) for rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- SRIe3
- Outcome
- weight of seed per pote3
- Direction
- higherinferrede3
- Value
- 32.17 ge3
- Comparator
- TFe3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“the rice production by combinations of nutrient and pest management in TF and SRI system”
e3“The numbers of the height, tillers, total grains and the weight of seed per pot in SRI respectively are 87.33 cm, 22.17 tillers, 1179.50 grains, and 32.17 g, meanwhile in TF respectively are 78.75 cm, 17.50 tillers, 1063.33 grains and 29.00 g”
Claim · model-written summary
P3 nutrient and pest management gave the highest carbon content in SRI (6.82 %) compared with TF (6.52 %).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- P3e4
- Outcome
- contents of Ce5
- Direction
- higheste4
- Value
- 6.82 %e5
- Comparator
- TFe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“the rice production by combinations of nutrient and pest management in TF and SRI system”
e4“P3 shows the highest content of macro nutrients and total microbes in SRI and TF”
e5“the contents of C, N, P and K of P3 in SRI are 6.82 % (very high), 0.31 % (moderate), 155.69 ppm (very high), and 1804.85 ppm (very high), meanwhile in TF respectively are 6.52 % (very high), 0.25 % (moderate), 52.60 ppm (very high), and 530.79 ppm (very high)”
Claim · model-written summary
P3 nutrient and pest management gave the highest nitrogen content in SRI (0.31 %) compared with TF (0.25 %).
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“the rice production by combinations of nutrient and pest management in TF and SRI system”
e4“P3 shows the highest content of macro nutrients and total microbes in SRI and TF”
e5“the contents of C, N, P and K of P3 in SRI are 6.82 % (very high), 0.31 % (moderate), 155.69 ppm (very high), and 1804.85 ppm (very high), meanwhile in TF respectively are 6.52 % (very high), 0.25 % (moderate), 52.60 ppm (very high), and 530.79 ppm (very high)”
Claim · model-written summary
P3 nutrient and pest management gave the highest phosphorus content in SRI (155.69 ppm) compared with TF (52.60 ppm).
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“the rice production by combinations of nutrient and pest management in TF and SRI system”
e4“P3 shows the highest content of macro nutrients and total microbes in SRI and TF”
e5“the contents of C, N, P and K of P3 in SRI are 6.82 % (very high), 0.31 % (moderate), 155.69 ppm (very high), and 1804.85 ppm (very high), meanwhile in TF respectively are 6.52 % (very high), 0.25 % (moderate), 52.60 ppm (very high), and 530.79 ppm (very high)”
Claim · model-written summary
P3 nutrient and pest management gave the highest potassium content in SRI (1804.85 ppm) compared with TF (530.79 ppm).
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“the rice production by combinations of nutrient and pest management in TF and SRI system”
e4“P3 shows the highest content of macro nutrients and total microbes in SRI and TF”
e5“the contents of C, N, P and K of P3 in SRI are 6.82 % (very high), 0.31 % (moderate), 155.69 ppm (very high), and 1804.85 ppm (very high), meanwhile in TF respectively are 6.52 % (very high), 0.25 % (moderate), 52.60 ppm (very high), and 530.79 ppm (very high)”
Claim · model-written summary
Total microbe content under P3 was lower in SRI (2.7 x 108 CFU/g) than in TF (3.7 x 108 CFU/g).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Treatment
- SRIe6
- Outcome
- total microbe contentse6
- Direction
- lowerinferrede6
- Value
- 2.7 x 108 CFU/ge6
- Comparator
- TFe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“the rice production by combinations of nutrient and pest management in TF and SRI system”
e6“The total microbe contents of P3 in SRI and TF respectively are 2.7 x 108 CFU/g and 3.7 x 108 CFU/g”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest that rice cultivation should be done at a wider scale and over multiple planting seasons.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae2
- Outcome
- wider scale and multiple planting seasonse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“the rice production by combinations of nutrient and pest management in TF and SRI system”
e7“it is suggested that in the future the rice cultivation system should be done in a wider scale and multiple planting seasons”
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