Abstract
Genomic imprinting regulates parent-specific transcript dosage during seed development and is mainly confined to the endosperm. Elucidation of the function of many imprinted genes has been hampered by the lack of corresponding mutant phenotypes, and the role of imprinting is mainly associated with genome dosage regulation or allocation of resources. Disruption of imprinted genes has also been suggested to mediate endosperm-based post-zygotic hybrid barriers depending on genetic variation and gene dosage. Here, we have analyzed the conservation of a clade from the MADS-box type I class transcription factors in the closely related species Arabidopsis arenosa, A. lyrata, and A. thaliana, and show that AGL36-like genes are imprinted and maternally expressed in seeds of Arabidopsis species and in hybrid seeds between outbreeding species. In hybridizations between outbreeding and inbreeding species the paternally silenced allele of the AGL36-like gene is reactivated in the hybrid, demonstrating that also maternally expressed imprinted genes are perturbed during hybridization and that such effects on imprinted genes are specific to the species combination. Furthermore, we also demonstrate a quantitative effect of genetic diversity and temperature on the strength of the post-zygotic hybridization barrier. Markedly, a small decrease in temperature during seed development increases the survival of hybrid F1 seeds, suggesting that abiotic and genetic parameters play important roles in post-zygotic species barriers, pointing at evolutionary scenarios favoring such effects. OPEN RESEARCH BADGES: This article has earned an Open Data Badge for making publicly available the digitally-shareable data necessary to reproduce the reported results. The data is available at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/?term=PRJNA562212. All sequences generated in this study have been deposited in the National Center for Biotechnology Information Sequence Read Archive (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sra/) with project number PRJNA562212.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
AGL36-like genes are maternally expressed and imprinted in Arabidopsis seeds and hybrid seeds between outbreeding species.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Gene
- AGL36-like genese0
- Outcome
- imprinted and maternally expressede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AGL36-like genes are imprinted and maternally expressed in seeds of Arabidopsis species and in hybrid seeds between outbreeding species”
Claim · model-written summary
The paternally silenced AGL36-like allele is reactivated in hybrids between outbreeding and inbreeding species.
- Gene
- AGL36-like genee0
- Outcome
- paternally silenced allele of the AGL36-like gene is reactivatede0
- Qualifier
- between outbreeding and inbreeding speciese0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“In hybridizations between outbreeding and inbreeding species the paternally silenced allele of the AGL36-like gene is reactivated in the hybrid”
Claim · model-written summary
Genetic diversity quantitatively affects the strength of the post-zygotic hybridization barrier.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Outcome
- strength of the post-zygotic hybridization barriere0
- Qualifier
- genetic diversitye0
- Comparator
- genetic diversitye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a quantitative effect of genetic diversity and temperature on the strength of the post-zygotic hybridization barrier”
e1“Arabidopsis species”
Claim · model-written summary
Temperature quantitatively affects the strength of the post-zygotic hybridization barrier.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Treatment
- temperaturee0
- Outcome
- strength of the post-zygotic hybridization barriere0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a quantitative effect of genetic diversity and temperature on the strength of the post-zygotic hybridization barrier”
e1“Arabidopsis species”
Claim · model-written summary
A small temperature decrease during seed development increases hybrid F1 seed survival.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Organ / stage
- seed developmente0
- Treatment
- small decrease in temperaturee0
- Outcome
- survival of hybrid F1 seedse0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a small decrease in temperature during seed development increases the survival of hybrid F1 seeds”
e1“Arabidopsis species”