Abstract
Boron (B) fertilization based on soil B status may prevent negative effects on alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) yield and quality. Our objective was to determine the effects of foliar‐applied B and water regimes on alfalfa yield and quality. A 2‐yr (2016–2017) study was done at Creston, MT in a fine sandy loam soil that tested 0.2 mg kg −1 B. Alfalfa was planted in 2016. Levels of B ranging from 0 to 2.24 kg B ha −1 were applied in association with three water regimes including rainfed, 50%, and 100% evapotranspiration (ET). There was no effect of B on yield or crude protein ( P > 0.05) in either year. Both B fertilization and irrigation application increased petiole B concentration. In 2017, the water regime × B level interaction was significant specifically for the yield of the second cutting ( P = 0.02), as well as for the relative feed value, neutral detergent fiber, and petiole B concentration in the third cutting ( P < 0.05). Irrigation decreased ( P < 0.01) forage quality only in the second cutting of 2016. Irrigation increased alfalfa yield by 45% in the establishment year (2016), but only by 12% in the following year. However, there was no yield difference observed ( P > 0.05) between the 100ET and 50ET treatments each year, and irrigation water productivity decreased in the second year of alfalfa growth. The foliar application of B on a B‐deficient soil did not increase yield or crude protein content of alfalfa, regardless of soil moisture availability. Core Ideas Application of B or irrigation increase petiole B concentration of alfalfa. Increases of petiole B due to B fertilization did not increase alfalfa yield and crude protein. Deficit irrigation did not reduce yield in alfalfa. Regardless of water regime, application of B on B‐deficient soil did not improve yield and crude protein of alfalfa.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Applied boron had no effect on alfalfa yield or crude protein in either year.
- Taxon
- Alfalfa
Medicago sativat0 - Treatment
- Applied Boront0
- Outcome
- yield or crude proteine2
- Direction
- no effecte2
- Qualifier
- in either yeare2
- Setting
- Creston, MTe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Applied Boron Increases Alfalfa Petiole Boron Concentration”
e1“study was done at Creston, MT in a fine sandy loam soil”
e2“There was no effect of B on yield or crude protein ( P > 0.05) in either year”
Claim · model-written summary
B fertilization increased petiole B concentration in alfalfa.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Organ / stage
- petiolee3
- Treatment
- B fertilizatione3
- Outcome
- petiole B concentratione3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Setting
- Creston, MTe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Applied Boron Increases Alfalfa Petiole Boron Concentration”
e1“study was done at Creston, MT in a fine sandy loam soil”
e3“Both B fertilization and irrigation application increased petiole B concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation application increased petiole B concentration in alfalfa.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Organ / stage
- petiolee3
- Treatment
- irrigation applicatione3
- Outcome
- petiole B concentratione3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Setting
- Creston, MTe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Applied Boron Increases Alfalfa Petiole Boron Concentration”
e1“study was done at Creston, MT in a fine sandy loam soil”
e3“Both B fertilization and irrigation application increased petiole B concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
The water regime by B level interaction was significant for the yield of the second cutting in 2017.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- water regime × B levele4
- Outcome
- yield of the second cuttinge4
- Qualifier
- In 2017e4
- Setting
- Creston, MTe1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Applied Boron Increases Alfalfa Petiole Boron Concentration”
e1“study was done at Creston, MT in a fine sandy loam soil”
e4“In 2017, the water regime × B level interaction was significant specifically for the yield of the second cutting ( P = 0.02), as well as for the relative feed value, neutral detergent fiber, and petiole B concentration in the third cutting ( P < 0.05)”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation increased alfalfa yield by 45% in the establishment year (2016).
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- Irrigatione5
- Outcome
- alfalfa yielde5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Value
- 45%e5
- Qualifier
- in the establishment year (2016)e5
- Setting
- Creston, MTe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Applied Boron Increases Alfalfa Petiole Boron Concentration”
e1“study was done at Creston, MT in a fine sandy loam soil”
e5“Irrigation increased alfalfa yield by 45% in the establishment year (2016), but only by 12% in the following year”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation increased alfalfa yield by 12% in the following year.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- Irrigatione5
- Outcome
- alfalfa yielde5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Value
- 12%e5
- Qualifier
- in the following yeare5
- Setting
- Creston, MTe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Applied Boron Increases Alfalfa Petiole Boron Concentration”
e1“study was done at Creston, MT in a fine sandy loam soil”
e5“Irrigation increased alfalfa yield by 45% in the establishment year (2016), but only by 12% in the following year”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation decreased forage quality of alfalfa only in the second cutting of 2016.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- Irrigatione6
- Outcome
- forage qualitye6
- Direction
- decreasede6
- Qualifier
- only in the second cutting of 2016e6
- Setting
- Creston, MTe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Applied Boron Increases Alfalfa Petiole Boron Concentration”
e1“study was done at Creston, MT in a fine sandy loam soil”
e6“Irrigation decreased ( P < 0.01) forage quality only in the second cutting of 2016”
Claim · model-written summary
The 100ET and 50ET irrigation treatments gave no yield difference in alfalfa in each year.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- 100ETe7
- Outcome
- yielde7
- Direction
- no yield differencee7
- Qualifier
- each yeare7
- Comparator
- 50ETe7
- Setting
- Creston, MTe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Applied Boron Increases Alfalfa Petiole Boron Concentration”
e1“study was done at Creston, MT in a fine sandy loam soil”
e7“However, there was no yield difference observed ( P > 0.05) between the 100ET and 50ET treatments each year”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation decreased irrigation water productivity in the second year of alfalfa growth.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- irrigatione2
- Outcome
- irrigation water productivitye2
- Direction
- decreasede2
- Qualifier
- in the second year of alfalfa growthe2
- Setting
- Creston, MTe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Applied Boron Increases Alfalfa Petiole Boron Concentration”
e1“study was done at Creston, MT in a fine sandy loam soil”
e2“irrigation water productivity decreased in the second year of alfalfa growth”
Claim · model-written summary
In 2017 the water regime by B level interaction was significant for relative feed value, neutral detergent fiber and petiole B concentration in the third cutting.
- Taxon
- AlfalfaMedicago sativat0
- Treatment
- water regime × B levele4
- Outcome
- relative feed value, neutral detergent fiber, and petiole B concentratione4
- Qualifier
- in the third cuttinge4
- Setting
- Creston, MTe1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Applied Boron Increases Alfalfa Petiole Boron Concentration”
e1“study was done at Creston, MT in a fine sandy loam soil”
e4“In 2017, the water regime × B level interaction was significant specifically for the yield of the second cutting ( P = 0.02), as well as for the relative feed value, neutral detergent fiber, and petiole B concentration in the third cutting ( P < 0.05)”
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