Abstract
The present work studied, for the first time, the effect of two technologies on the hydration and germination process of beans: ionizing irradiation and ultrasound. In addition, this work proposed a possible biological effect of ultrasound to describe its effect on grain hydration. Carioca beans were irradiated at doses of 2.3 and 3.8 kGy using γ-rays, establishing different metabolic activities for the beans. Then, they were hydrated with and without the ultrasound technology (91 W/L and 25 kHz) at 25 °C. Both the hydration and germination kinetics were evaluated considering the application of both technologies alone and in combination. As results, irradiation did not significantly affect (P > 0.05) the hydration rate, the equilibrium moisture, or the lag phase time, but ultrasound affected them, reducing 50% of the processing time. On the other hand, only the equilibrium moisture was slightly reduced by the interactive effect of irradiation and ultrasound technology, which was discussed based on different metabolism levels. Furthermore, the germination process of carioca bean was hindered by both the studied variables, reducing its germination capacity to 0% in some cases. Therefore, by studying the effect of ultrasound on beans with different active metabolism (due to different irradiation doses), it was suggested that both physical and biological mechanisms are involved during hydration process and that both can be affected by ultrasound. Further, irradiation could be used on carioca beans with objectives such as avoid germination, insects, and microorganism's growth, without an important effect on the hydration kinetics. PRACTICAL APPLICATION: Ultrasound technology has demonstrated to accelerate the soaking process of several legume grains. However, sometimes, grains are irradiated for disinfestation purpose to improve their shelf life. Indeed, irradiation can change the grain properties as the cooking time, hydration time, and germination capacity. Therefore, this work verified if irradiation changes the desirable effect of ultrasound on grain processing: soaking and germination. Moreover, this work novelty is also based on describing the phenomena: by proposing a possible biological effect, further approaches to improve the grain processing can be achieved.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Gamma irradiation did not significantly affect the hydration rate, equilibrium moisture or lag phase time of beans.
- Taxon
- Beanst0
- Treatment
- irradiatione0
- Outcome
- hydration rate, the equilibrium moisture, or the lag phase timee0
- Direction
- did not significantly affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Beans Hydration and Germination”
e0“irradiation did not significantly affect (P > 0.05) the hydration rate, the equilibrium moisture, or the lag phase time”
Claim · model-written summary
Ultrasound affected hydration rate, equilibrium moisture and lag phase time, reducing the processing time by 50%.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Beans Hydration and Germination”
e0“ultrasound affected them, reducing 50% of the processing time”
Claim · model-written summary
Only the equilibrium moisture was slightly reduced by the interactive effect of irradiation and ultrasound.
- Taxon
- Beanst0
- Treatment
- interactive effect of irradiation and ultrasound technologye0
- Outcome
- equilibrium moisturee0
- Direction
- slightly reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
t0“Beans Hydration and Germination”
e0“only the equilibrium moisture was slightly reduced by the interactive effect of irradiation and ultrasound technology”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination of carioca bean was hindered by both irradiation and ultrasound, reducing germination capacity to 0% in some cases.
- Taxon
- carioca beane0
- Treatment
- both the studied variablese0
- Outcome
- germination capacitye0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Value
- 0%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the germination process of carioca bean was hindered by both the studied variables, reducing its germination capacity to 0% in some cases”
Claim · model-written summary
It was suggested that both physical and biological mechanisms are involved in the hydration process and can be affected by ultrasound.
Verbatim
e0“by studying the effect of ultrasound on beans with different active metabolism (due to different irradiation doses), it was suggested that both physical and biological mechanisms are involved during hydration process”
Claim · model-written summary
Irradiation could be used on carioca beans to avoid germination, insects and microorganism growth without an important effect on hydration kinetics.
Verbatim
e0“irradiation could be used on carioca beans with objectives such as avoid germination, insects, and microorganism's growth, without an important effect on the hydration kinetics”
The same questions in other papers
radiation · soil: physics · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.