Abstract
DOR: 98.1000/2383-1251.1398.6.159.11.1.1578.1575 Extended Abstract Introduction: In order to take more advantage of the spring growing season, the mechanisms of germination of spring plants are of great importance at temperatures lower than the optimum temperature. Since one of the ways to reduce damage due to low temperature is enhancing the seedling antioxidant system, in this study the effects of salicylic acid and gibberellin on germination and antioxidant system of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) seeds were investigated under low temperatures. Materials and Methods: A factorial experiment including four concentrations of gibberellin (0, 250, 350 and 450 mg/L), four concentrations of salicylic acid (0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 mM) and three temperature levels (8, 11 and 14 °C) was performed with a completely randomized design within controlled conditions and six replications at Shahrekord University in 2017. The seeds were immersed in containers containing solutions of 0, 250, 350 and 450 mg/L of gibberellin and solutions with 0, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mM salicylic acid, were placed in a growth chamber for 24 h under dark conditions at 15 °C. Then the seeds were washed at the desired temperatures, and the germination was recorded every 24 hours based on the 2 mm of radicle length. At the end of the eighth day, after the separation of normal and abnormal seedlings, 20 normal seedlings were selected from each petri dish. Following that, the germination rate, germination percentage, soluble protein, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, guiacol peroxide enzyme, and catalase enzyme were measured. Comparison of means was conducted by the least significant difference test at the 0.05 probability level. Results: The results showed that none of the treatments used at 8 °C helped germination of the plant and, therefore, 8 °C treatment was removed from the experiment. At the temperature of 11 ° C, the use of salicylic acid 1 mM and at 14 °C, the use of gibberellin 350 mg/L showed the maximum germination rate and germination percentage, compared with the control. At 11 °C, the activity of antioxidant enzymes was more affected by gibberellin hormone so that the highest activity of superoxide dismutase enzyme was observed in 350 mg/L and the highest activity of catalase and guaiacol peroxidase enzymes and the lowest amount of soluble protein were observed in gibberellin 250 mg/L. The salicylic acid hormone was more successful at 14 ° C. The salicylic acid 1.5 mM increased the activity of superoxide dismutase enzyme; and salicylic acid 0.5 mM increased the activity of catalase and salicylic acid 1 mM improved the activity of guiacol peroxidase. This hormone also succeeded in reducing the amount of soluble protein. Conclusion: In this experiment, seedling tolerance at low temperatures was confirmed by gibberellin and salicylic acid treatments. It is generally concluded that the use of gibberellin and salicylic acid increases the activity of antioxidant enzymes and, as a result, makes pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) seedlings tolerant to low-temperature stress, and thus, can ameliorate the effect of possible chilling on growth of this crop at the beginning of the season. Highlights: Gibberellin and salicylic acid treatments make pumpkin seedling tolerant to low temperatures. Application of gibberellin and salicylic acid increases the activity of antioxidant enzymes. By using gibberellin and salicylic acid, the effect of possible chilling can be reduced at the beginning of the growing season.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments did not aid pumpkin germination at 8 °C.
- Taxon
- pumpkint0
- Treatment
- treatments used at 8 °Ce0
- Outcome
- germinatione0
- Direction
- none of the treatments used at 8 °C helpede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“none of the treatments used at 8 °C helped germination of the plant”
t0“Pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
At 11 °C, 1 mM salicylic acid maximized germination rate and percentage versus control.
Verbatim
e0“At the temperature of 11 ° C, the use of salicylic acid 1 mM and at 14 °C, the use of gibberellin 350 mg/L showed the maximum germination rate and germination percentage, compared with the control.”
t0“Pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
At 14 °C, 350 mg/L gibberellin maximized germination rate and percentage versus control.
Verbatim
e0“At the temperature of 11 ° C, the use of salicylic acid 1 mM and at 14 °C, the use of gibberellin 350 mg/L showed the maximum germination rate and germination percentage, compared with the control.”
t0“Pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
At 11 °C, 350 mg/L gibberellin yielded the highest superoxide dismutase activity.
- Taxon
- pumpkint0
- Treatment
- gibberellin hormonee0
- Outcome
- activity of superoxide dismutase enzymee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- 350 mg/Le0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“At 11 °C, the activity of antioxidant enzymes was more affected by gibberellin hormone so that the highest activity of superoxide dismutase enzyme was observed in 350 mg/L”
t0“Pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
At 11 °C, 250 mg/L gibberellin yielded the highest catalase and guaiacol peroxidase activities.
- Taxon
- pumpkint0
- Treatment
- gibberellin 250 mg/Le0
- Outcome
- activity of catalase and guaiacol peroxidase enzymese0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the highest activity of catalase and guaiacol peroxidase enzymes and the lowest amount of soluble protein were observed in gibberellin 250 mg/L.”
t0“Pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
At 11 °C, 250 mg/L gibberellin yielded the lowest soluble protein.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the highest activity of catalase and guaiacol peroxidase enzymes and the lowest amount of soluble protein were observed in gibberellin 250 mg/L.”
t0“Pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
At 14 °C, 1.5 mM salicylic acid increased superoxide dismutase activity.
- Taxon
- pumpkint0
- Treatment
- salicylic acid 1.5 mMe0
- Outcome
- activity of superoxide dismutase enzymee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The salicylic acid 1.5 mM increased the activity of superoxide dismutase enzyme”
t0“Pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
At 14 °C, 0.5 mM salicylic acid increased catalase activity.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“salicylic acid 0.5 mM increased the activity of catalase”
t0“Pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
At 14 °C, 1 mM salicylic acid improved guaiacol peroxidase activity.
- Taxon
- pumpkint0
- Treatment
- salicylic acid 1 mMe0
- Outcome
- activity of guiacol peroxidasee0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“salicylic acid 1 mM improved the activity of guiacol peroxidase.”
t0“Pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid reduced soluble protein amount.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“This hormone also succeeded in reducing the amount of soluble protein.”
t0“Pumpkin”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors concluded gibberellin and salicylic acid increased antioxidant enzyme activity and low temperature tolerance.
- Taxon
- pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo)
Cucurbita pepoe0 - Treatment
- gibberellin and salicylic acide0
- Outcome
- seedlings tolerant to low-temperature stresse0
- Qualifier
- increases the activity of antioxidant enzymese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the use of gibberellin and salicylic acid increases the activity of antioxidant enzymes and, as a result, makes pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) seedlings tolerant to low-temperature stress”
The same questions in other papers
salicylic acid · growth · Cucurbita (pumpkins)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
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See all 6 papers →class · growth · Cucurbita (pumpkins)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.