Abstract
Soil fertility and water use are two important aspects that influence rice productivity. This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of in-situ (sesbania and rice bean) and ex-situ (subabul) green manuring along with zinc fertilization on water productivity and soil fertility in rice under rice–wheat cropping system at Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India. Sesbania incorporation recorded higher total water productivity (2.20 and 3.24 kg ha−1 mm−1), available soil nutrients, organic carbon, alkaline phosphatase activity, microbial biomass carbon and increased soil dehydrogenase activity by 39.6 and 26.8% over subabul and rice bean respectively. Among interaction of green manures and zinc fertilization, subabul × foliar application of chelated zinc-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid at 20, 40, 60 and 80 days after transplanting recorded highest total water productivity (2.56 and 3.79 kg ha−1 mm−1). Foliar application of chelated Zn-EDTA at 20, 40, 60 and 80 days after transplanting recorded significantly higher water productivity than other Zn treatments, however it was statistically similar with foliar application of zinc at active tillering + flowering + grain filling. Sesbania × 5 kg Zn ha−1 through chelated Zn-EDTA, recorded highest available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, manganese, copper and iron than other green manure and Zn fertilization interactions, although it was statistically similar with rice bean × 5 kg Zn ha−1 through chelated Zn-EDTA as soil application. Sesbania × foliar application of 5 kg Zn ha−1 through chelated Zn-EDTA as soil application recorded highest soil enzymatic activities and microbial biomass carbon.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Sesbania incorporation had higher total water productivity of 2.20 and 3.24 kg ha−1 mm−1.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- Sesbania incorporatione0
- Outcome
- total water productivitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 2.20 and 3.24 kg ha−1 mm−1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sesbania incorporation recorded higher total water productivity (2.20 and 3.24 kg ha−1 mm−1)”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Sesbania incorporation increased available soil nutrients, organic carbon, alkaline phosphatase activity and microbial biomass carbon.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Sesbania incorporatione0
- Outcome
- available soil nutrients, organic carbon, alkaline phosphatase activity, microbial biomass carbone0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sesbania incorporation recorded higher total water productivity (2.20 and 3.24 kg ha−1 mm−1), available soil nutrients, organic carbon, alkaline phosphatase activity, microbial biomass carbon”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Sesbania incorporation increased soil dehydrogenase activity by 39.6% over subabul.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Sesbania incorporatione1
- Outcome
- soil dehydrogenase activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 39.6e0
- Comparator
- subabule0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased soil dehydrogenase activity by 39.6 and 26.8% over subabul and rice bean respectively”
e1“Sesbania incorporation recorded higher total water productivity”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Sesbania incorporation increased soil dehydrogenase activity by 26.8% over rice bean.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Sesbania incorporatione1
- Outcome
- soil dehydrogenase activitye0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 26.8%e0
- Comparator
- rice beane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased soil dehydrogenase activity by 39.6 and 26.8% over subabul and rice bean respectively”
e1“Sesbania incorporation recorded higher total water productivity”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Subabul with foliar chelated zinc EDTA produced the highest total water productivity of 2.56 and 3.79 kg ha−1 mm−1.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- subabul × foliar application of chelated zinc-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid at 20, 40, 60 and 80 days after transplantinge0
- Outcome
- total water productivitye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 2.56 and 3.79 kg ha−1 mm−1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“subabul × foliar application of chelated zinc-ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid at 20, 40, 60 and 80 days after transplanting recorded highest total water productivity (2.56 and 3.79 kg ha−1 mm−1)”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar chelated Zn EDTA produced significantly higher water productivity than other zinc treatments, but was statistically similar to zinc application at tillering, flowering and grain filling.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Foliar application of chelated Zn-EDTA at 20, 40, 60 and 80 days after transplantinge0
- Outcome
- water productivitye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- statistically similar with foliar application of zinc at active tillering + flowering + grain fillinge0
- Comparator
- other Zn treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar application of chelated Zn-EDTA at 20, 40, 60 and 80 days after transplanting recorded significantly higher water productivity than other Zn treatments, however it was statistically similar with foliar application of zinc at active tillering + flowering + grain filling”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Sesbania with soil applied chelated Zn EDTA gave the highest available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium among treatment interactions.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Sesbania × 5 kg Zn ha−1 through chelated Zn-EDTAe0
- Outcome
- available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassiume0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- other green manure and Zn fertilization interactionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sesbania × 5 kg Zn ha−1 through chelated Zn-EDTA, recorded highest available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, manganese, copper and iron than other green manure and Zn fertilization interactions”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Sesbania with soil applied chelated Zn EDTA gave the highest available zinc, manganese, copper and iron among treatment interactions.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Sesbania × 5 kg Zn ha−1 through chelated Zn-EDTAe0
- Outcome
- zinc, manganese, copper and irone0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- other green manure and Zn fertilization interactionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sesbania × 5 kg Zn ha−1 through chelated Zn-EDTA, recorded highest available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, manganese, copper and iron than other green manure and Zn fertilization interactions”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest soil nutrient availability under the sesbania and chelated zinc treatment was statistically similar to rice bean with soil applied chelated zinc.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Sesbania × 5 kg Zn ha−1 through chelated Zn-EDTAe1
- Outcome
- available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, manganese, copper and irone1
- Comparator
- rice bean × 5 kg Zn ha−1 through chelated Zn-EDTA as soil applicatione0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it was statistically similar with rice bean × 5 kg Zn ha−1 through chelated Zn-EDTA as soil application”
e1“Sesbania × 5 kg Zn ha−1 through chelated Zn-EDTA, recorded highest available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, zinc, manganese, copper and iron”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Sesbania with chelated Zn EDTA gave the highest soil enzymatic activities and microbial biomass carbon.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Sesbania × foliar application of 5 kg Zn ha−1 through chelated Zn-EDTA as soil applicatione0
- Outcome
- soil enzymatic activities and microbial biomass carbone0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sesbania × foliar application of 5 kg Zn ha−1 through chelated Zn-EDTA as soil application recorded highest soil enzymatic activities and microbial biomass carbon”
t0“Rice”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 15 papers →8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.