Abstract
Survival competition caused by limiting nutrients is often strong between invasive and native plant species. The effects of plant invasion on nutrient uptake in plant growth remain largely unclear. Clarifying how invasive plants affect N uptake by natives will provide a better understanding on mechanisms responsible for plant invasion. A 15N-labeling experiment was conducted using two common invasive species (Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb. and Wedelia trilobata (L.) Hitchc.) and their native congeners (A. sessilis (L.) DC. and W. chinensis (Osbeck.) Merr.) to examine their growth and uptake of NH4+, NO3−, and glycine when grown in monocultures and mixed cultures. All plants were grown in a greenhouse for 70 days for labelling and biomass measurements. The main factor affecting N uptake by the four species was the form of N, rather than species identity. In all of the species, the most N was taken up in the form of NH4+, followed by NO3− and glycine. The two invasive species grew faster, with stable N-uptake patterns despite more moderate uptake rates of N than the native species. Native species were strongly affected by the invasive species. The presence of invasive species caused the N-uptake rates of the natives to be reduced, with altered N-uptake patterns, but did not substantially alter their growth rates. Native species reduced their N-uptake rates but increased N-use efficiency through altering N-uptake patterns in the presence of invasive plants. Such a flexible N-uptake pattern could be an important survival strategy for native plants in competition with invaders.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
The form of N, rather than species identity, was the main factor affecting N uptake by the four species.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e1“The main factor affecting N uptake by the four species was the form of N, rather than species identity”
Claim · model-written summary
In all four species the most N was taken up as NH4+, followed by NO3− and glycine.
Verbatim
e1“In all of the species, the most N was taken up in the form of NH4+, followed by NO3− and glycine”
Claim · model-written summary
The two invasive species grew faster than the native species.
Verbatim
e1“The two invasive species grew faster, with stable N-uptake patterns despite more moderate uptake rates of N than the native species”
Claim · model-written summary
The two invasive species had stable N-uptake patterns.
Verbatim
e1“The two invasive species grew faster, with stable N-uptake patterns despite more moderate uptake rates of N than the native species”
Claim · model-written summary
The two invasive species had more moderate N uptake rates than the native species.
Verbatim
e1“The two invasive species grew faster, with stable N-uptake patterns despite more moderate uptake rates of N than the native species”
Claim · model-written summary
The presence of invasive species reduced the N-uptake rates of the native species.
- Taxon
- nativese1
- Treatment
- presence of invasive speciese1
- Interactor
- invasive speciese1other
- Outcome
- N-uptake ratese1
- Direction
- reducede1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“The presence of invasive species caused the N-uptake rates of the natives to be reduced, with altered N-uptake patterns, but did not substantially alter their growth rates”
Claim · model-written summary
The presence of invasive species altered the N-uptake patterns of the native species.
- Taxon
- nativese1
- Treatment
- presence of invasive speciese1
- Interactor
- invasive speciese1other
- Outcome
- N-uptake patternse1
- Direction
- alterede1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“The presence of invasive species caused the N-uptake rates of the natives to be reduced, with altered N-uptake patterns, but did not substantially alter their growth rates”
Claim · model-written summary
The presence of invasive species did not substantially alter the growth rates of the native species.
- Taxon
- nativese1
- Treatment
- presence of invasive speciese1
- Interactor
- invasive speciese1other
- Outcome
- growth ratese1
- Direction
- did not substantially altere1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“The presence of invasive species caused the N-uptake rates of the natives to be reduced, with altered N-uptake patterns, but did not substantially alter their growth rates”
Claim · model-written summary
Native species increased N-use efficiency by altering N-uptake patterns in the presence of invasive plants.
- Taxon
- Native speciese1
- Treatment
- presence of invasive plantse1
- Interactor
- invasive plantse1other
- Outcome
- N-use efficiencye1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“Native species reduced their N-uptake rates but increased N-use efficiency through altering N-uptake patterns in the presence of invasive plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest that a flexible N-uptake pattern could be an important survival strategy for native plants competing with invaders.
Verbatim
e1“Such a flexible N-uptake pattern could be an important survival strategy for native plants in competition with invaders”