Abstract
To ameliorate soil oxygen deficiencies around subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) drippers, aerated irrigation (AI) was introduced to supply aerated water to the soil through venturi installed in the SDI pipeline. The objectives of this study were to assess the effects of AI on soil respiration (SR), air-filled porosity (AFP), soil temperature (ST), and oxygen concentrations (OCC). Total soil respiration (TSR), biological activity temperature index (BAT), and soil oxygen consumption (OCS) based on SR, ST, and OCC, respectively, were subsequently calculated to explore the relationships between TSR, BAT, OCS, OCC, and AFP. Greenhouse-based experiments included two treatments: AI and unaerated SDI (CK), during the tomato growing season in the fall of 2015. The results showed that compared with CK, AI treatment significantly increased OCC and AFP (by 16 and 7.4%, respectively), as well as TSR and OCS (by 24.21 and 22.91%, respectively) (P<0.05). Mean fruit yield with AI treatment was also 23% higher (P<0.05) than that with CK. When BAT was controlled, partial correlations between TSR, OCS, OCC, and AFP were all significant in the AI treatment but not in the CK treatment. TSR was more sensitive to the interaction effects of OCC, OCS, AFP, and BAT under the AI treatment. Thus, the significantly increased TSR with AI appeared to be due to the favorable soil aeration conditi ons (higher OCC and AFP). Furthermore, the improvements in soil aeration conditions and respiration with AI appeared to facilitate the improvement in fruit yields, which also suggests the economic benefits of AI.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Aerated irrigation significantly increased soil oxygen concentration by 16% relative to unaerated drip irrigation.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Treatment
- AI treatmente0
- Outcome
- OCCe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 16e0
- Comparator
- CKe0
- Setting
- tomato growing seasone1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“compared with CK, AI treatment significantly increased OCC and AFP (by 16 and 7.4%, respectively)”
e1“AI and unaerated SDI (CK), during the tomato growing season in the fall of 2015.”
Claim · model-written summary
Aerated irrigation significantly increased soil air-filled porosity by 7.4% relative to unaerated drip irrigation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- AI treatmente0
- Outcome
- AFPe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 7.4%e0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“compared with CK, AI treatment significantly increased OCC and AFP (by 16 and 7.4%, respectively)”
e1“AI and unaerated SDI (CK), during the tomato growing season in the fall of 2015.”
Claim · model-written summary
Aerated irrigation significantly increased total soil respiration by 24.21% relative to control.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“compared with CK, AI treatment significantly increased OCC and AFP (by 16 and 7.4%, respectively), as well as TSR and OCS (by 24.21 and 22.91%, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Aerated irrigation significantly increased soil oxygen consumption by 22.91% relative to control.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“compared with CK, AI treatment significantly increased OCC and AFP (by 16 and 7.4%, respectively), as well as TSR and OCS (by 24.21 and 22.91%, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Aerated irrigation increased mean tomato fruit yield by 23% relative to unaerated drip irrigation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- AI treatmente0
- Outcome
- Mean fruit yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 23%e0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mean fruit yield with AI treatment was also 23% higher (P<0.05) than that with CK.”
e1“during the tomato growing season”
Claim · model-written summary
With temperature index controlled, partial correlations among soil respiration, oxygen consumption, oxygen concentration, and porosity were significant under aerated irrigation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- AI treatmente0
- Outcome
- partial correlations between TSR, OCS, OCC, and AFPe0
- Qualifier
- When BAT was controllede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When BAT was controlled, partial correlations between TSR, OCS, OCC, and AFP were all significant in the AI treatment but not in the CK treatment.”
e1“tomato growing season”
Claim · model-written summary
The corresponding partial correlations were not significant under unaerated drip irrigation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- CKe0
- Outcome
- partial correlations between TSR, OCS, OCC, and AFPe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When BAT was controlled, partial correlations between TSR, OCS, OCC, and AFP were all significant in the AI treatment but not in the CK treatment.”
e1“tomato growing season”
Claim · model-written summary
Total soil respiration was more sensitive to interactions among oxygen concentration, consumption, porosity, and temperature index under aerated irrigation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- AI treatmente0
- Outcome
- TSRe0
- Direction
- more sensitivee0
- Qualifier
- interaction effects of OCC, OCS, AFP, and BATe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TSR was more sensitive to the interaction effects of OCC, OCS, AFP, and BAT under the AI treatment.”
e1“tomato growing season”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attribute increased total soil respiration under aerated irrigation to improved soil aeration.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- AIe0
- Outcome
- increased TSRe0
- Qualifier
- favorable soil aeration conditi ons (higher OCC and AFP)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the significantly increased TSR with AI appeared to be due to the favorable soil aeration conditi ons (higher OCC and AFP)”
e1“tomato growing season”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest that better soil aeration and respiration under aerated irrigation help increase tomato fruit yield.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- AIe0
- Outcome
- improvement in fruit yieldse0
- Qualifier
- improvements in soil aeration conditions and respiratione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the improvements in soil aeration conditions and respiration with AI appeared to facilitate the improvement in fruit yields”
e1“tomato growing season”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest aerated irrigation has economic benefits through better tomato yields.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Outcome
- economic benefits of AIe0
- Qualifier
- improvement in fruit yieldse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which also suggests the economic benefits of AI.”
e1“improvement in fruit yields”
e2“tomato growing season”
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See all 344 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.