Abstract
The paper presents the morphology of the flower of Iris aphylla L., which is a protected species in many European countries. The study comprises phenological observations of flowering and assessment of nectar and pollen production, and flowering and fruiting abundance. Additionally, the number of insect visitors on the flowers was monitored. The investigations of specimens originating from 4 populations in central-eastern Poland (Wyzyna Lubelska Upland) were conducted in the Botanical Garden of Maria Curie-Sklodowska University. It was found that morphological features of the analysed flowers, i.e. the 6-angular ovary and the perianth tube, which is 2-fold longer than the ovary, are typical for the taxon I. aphylla [=I. aphylla var. typica L.]. The first flowers developed at the turn of April and May at air temperature of 12-13 °C. The plants produced, on average, 3 flowers per stem, 84.2 flowers per 1 m2, and 6.2 capsules per 1 m2. The flowers released nectar with a moderate amount of sugar and produced high quantities of pollen. Mononychus punctumalbum Herbst. and bumblebees were found to be the main flower pollinators.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Flowers had a six-angular ovary and a perianth tube twice as long as the ovary.
- Taxon
- I. aphylla
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Iris aphyllae0 - Outcome
- 6-angular ovary and the perianth tubee0
- Value
- 2-fold longer than the ovarye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“the 6-angular ovary and the perianth tube, which is 2-fold longer than the ovary, are typical for the taxon I. aphylla [=I. aphylla var. typica L.]”
Claim · model-written summary
First flowers developed at the turn of April and May at 12-13 °C.
- Taxon
- Iris aphylla L.Iris aphyllat0
- Outcome
- first flowers developede0
- Value
- 12-13 °Ce0
- Qualifier
- at the turn of April and Maye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The first flowers developed at the turn of April and May at air temperature of 12-13 °C.”
t0“Iris aphylla L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants averaged three flowers per stem.
- Taxon
- Iris aphylla L.Iris aphyllat0
- Outcome
- flowers per steme0
- Value
- 3 flowers per steme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The plants produced, on average, 3 flowers per stem, 84.2 flowers per 1 m2, and 6.2 capsules per 1 m2.”
t0“Iris aphylla L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants averaged 84.2 flowers per square metre.
- Taxon
- Iris aphylla L.Iris aphyllat0
- Outcome
- flowers per 1 m2e0
- Value
- 84.2 flowers per 1 m2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The plants produced, on average, 3 flowers per stem, 84.2 flowers per 1 m2, and 6.2 capsules per 1 m2.”
t0“Iris aphylla L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants averaged 6.2 capsules per square metre.
- Taxon
- Iris aphylla L.Iris aphyllat0
- Outcome
- capsules per 1 m2e0
- Value
- 6.2 capsules per 1 m2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The plants produced, on average, 3 flowers per stem, 84.2 flowers per 1 m2, and 6.2 capsules per 1 m2.”
t0“Iris aphylla L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Flowers released nectar with moderate sugar content and produced much pollen.
- Taxon
- Iris aphylla L.Iris aphyllat0
- Outcome
- nectar with a moderate amount of sugar and produced high quantities of pollene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The flowers released nectar with a moderate amount of sugar and produced high quantities of pollen.”
t0“Iris aphylla L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Mononychus punctumalbum was a main flower pollinator.
- Taxon
- Iris aphylla L.Iris aphyllat0
- Interactor
- Mononychus punctumalbum Herbst.
Mononychus punctumalbume0pollinator - Outcome
- main flower pollinatorse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mononychus punctumalbum Herbst. and bumblebees were found to be the main flower pollinators.”
t0“Iris aphylla L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bumblebees were main flower pollinators.
- Taxon
- Iris aphylla L.Iris aphyllat0
- Outcome
- main flower pollinatorse0
BombusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mononychus punctumalbum Herbst. and bumblebees were found to be the main flower pollinators.”
t0“Iris aphylla L.”