Abstract
The current study uses 2‐yr trial data set to investigate the impacts of ridge‐furrow planting system and wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) straw mulching on sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) yield and some soil parameters. Field experiments were conducted in 2014 and 2015 in two different locations (Tehran and Mashhad Provinces, Iran). The experiments were laid out in a randomized complete block design comprised of four treatments, including control that is, neither ridge‐furrow planting system nor wheat straw mulching (RF 0 M 0 ); ridge‐furrow planting system without wheat straw mulching (RF 1 M 0 ); ridge‐furrow planting system with wheat straw mulching only covering 50% of the soil surface (RF 1 M 50 ); and ridge‐furrow planting system with full covering (100%) of the soil surface with wheat straw mulch (RF 1 M 100 ). The RF 1 M 0 treatment could not increase sunflower yield, but the application of 50 and 100% wheat straw mulch significantly increased seed yield by10 and 18%, respectively. For both years and sites, on average the maximum seed yield was found with the RF 1 M 100 treatment (1629 kg ha −1 ), while the minimum value (1318 kg ha −1 ) was related to RF 0 M 0 treatment. Wheat straw mulching reduced soil temperature and increased soil water storage, organic C and microbial biomass C. We concluded that the ridge‐furrow planting system with full coverage of the soil surface with wheat straw mulch could be critical in the cultivation of sunflower under arid and semiarid areas, where water is the most important factor in determining plant growth and yield. Core Ideas Ridge‐furrow system promoted sunflower seed yield, applying straw mulch further increased yield. Improved sunflower yield was explained by optimized water supply and thermal balance. Wheat straw mulch could reduce risk of heat stress. Application of wheat straw mulching improved soil biological properties. The RF 1 M 100 effectively increased soil water storage and biomass accumulation.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Ridge-furrow planting without mulch did not increase sunflower yield.
- Taxon
- Sunflower
Helianthus annuust0 - Treatment
- RF 1 M 0 treatmente0
- Outcome
- sunflower yielde0
- Direction
- could not increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The RF 1 M 0 treatment could not increase sunflower yield”
t0“Sunflower Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Fifty percent wheat straw mulch increased sunflower seed yield by 10%.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- 50 and 100% wheat straw mulche0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 10e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of 50 and 100% wheat straw mulch significantly increased seed yield by10 and 18%, respectively”
t0“Sunflower Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
One hundred percent wheat straw mulch increased sunflower seed yield by 18%.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- 100% wheat straw mulche0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 18%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of 50 and 100% wheat straw mulch significantly increased seed yield by10 and 18%, respectively”
t0“Sunflower Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The fully mulched ridge-furrow treatment produced the maximum seed yield of 1629 kg ha −1.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- RF 1 M 100 treatmente0
- Outcome
- maximum seed yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 1629 kg ha −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the maximum seed yield was found with the RF 1 M 100 treatment (1629 kg ha −1 )”
t0“Sunflower Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The control had the minimum seed yield of 1318 kg ha −1.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- RF 0 M 0 treatmente0
- Outcome
- minimum valuee0
- Direction
- minimume0
- Value
- 1318 kg ha −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the minimum value (1318 kg ha −1 ) was related to RF 0 M 0 treatment”
t0“Sunflower Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat straw mulch reduced soil temperature.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- Wheat straw mulchinge0
- Outcome
- soil temperaturee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat straw mulching reduced soil temperature and increased soil water storage, organic C and microbial biomass C.”
t0“Sunflower Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat straw mulch increased soil water storage, organic C and microbial biomass C.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- Wheat straw mulchinge0
- Outcome
- soil water storage, organic C and microbial biomass Ce0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat straw mulching reduced soil temperature and increased soil water storage, organic C and microbial biomass C.”
t0“Sunflower Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Full straw mulch coverage in the ridge-furrow system was recommended for sunflower cultivation in arid and semiarid areas.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- ridge‐furrow planting system with full coverage of the soil surface with wheat straw mulche0
- Outcome
- cultivation of sunflowere0
- Setting
- arid and semiarid arease0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the ridge‐furrow planting system with full coverage of the soil surface with wheat straw mulch could be critical in the cultivation of sunflower under arid and semiarid areas”
t0“Sunflower Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Improved sunflower yield was attributed to optimized water supply and thermal balance.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Outcome
- Improved sunflower yielde0
- Qualifier
- optimized water supply and thermal balancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Improved sunflower yield was explained by optimized water supply and thermal balance.”
t0“Sunflower Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Straw mulch could reduce the risk of heat stress.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- Wheat straw mulche0
- Outcome
- risk of heat stresse0
- Direction
- reducee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Wheat straw mulch could reduce risk of heat stress.”
t0“Sunflower Yield”
Claim · model-written summary
The fully mulched ridge-furrow treatment increased biomass accumulation.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- RF 1 M 100e0
- Outcome
- biomass accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The RF 1 M 100 effectively increased soil water storage and biomass accumulation.”
t0“Sunflower Yield”
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See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.