Abstract
False smut of rice caused by Ustilaginoidea virens, perfect sexual stage Villosiclava virens. Ustilaginoidea virens belongs Division – Ascomycota, Class – Sordariomycetes, Order – Hypocreales, Family – Incertaesedis. The yield losses due to RFS 1 -75% is measured. The symptoms are visible only after flowering when the fungus transforms into globose structures or yellowed carbonaceous masses of individual grains of panicle. These masses are dusty representing more than twice in diameter of normal grain. At early stage, development of fungus areshow yellow and then changed in dark green or almost black color, and explode releasing the spores of the fungal causal agent. The pathogen survives both in seed and also in collateral host. The fungus by the means of sclerotia and chlamydospores overwinters in soil. Ascospores produce by sclerotiaare primary source of infection to rice plants, whereas air-borne chlamydospores may cause secondary infection. The seed should be treated through biological control agents like Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma virens, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma reesei against Ustilaginoidea virens find more effective to control diseases. Growing of resistant hybrids variety like VNR-211, GK-5025, HRI-140, IRH-74, PRSH-9018, KPH-467, RH-10428, 27P64 and KRH-4. By spraying of Carbenadazim 50% WP (0.1 %) at the booting stage. Treatment with Copper Oxy Chloride (Blitox) 50 WP (0.3%) and Propiconazole (tilt) 25 EC (0.1%) were found as the most effective to control false smut.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
False smut causes rice yield losses of 1-75%
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Interactor
- Ustilaginoidea virens
Ustilaginoidea virense0pathogen - Outcome
- yield lossese1
- Value
- 1 -75%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“False smut of rice caused by Ustilaginoidea virens”
e1“The yield losses due to RFS 1 -75% is measured”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper oxychloride (Blitox) and propiconazole (tilt) were the most effective treatments to control false smut
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- Copper Oxy Chloride (Blitox) 50 WP (0.3%) and Propiconazole (tilt) 25 EC (0.1%)e2
- Outcome
- control false smute2
- Direction
- most effectivee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“False smut of rice caused by Ustilaginoidea virens”
e2“Treatment with Copper Oxy Chloride (Blitox) 50 WP (0.3%) and Propiconazole (tilt) 25 EC (0.1%) were found as the most effective to control false smut”
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying carbendazim 50% WP (0.1 %) at the booting stage is recommended against false smut
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- spraying of Carbenadazim 50% WP (0.1 %) at the booting stagee4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“False smut of rice caused by Ustilaginoidea virens”
e4“By spraying of Carbenadazim 50% WP (0.1 %) at the booting stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment with Trichoderma biological control agents is recommended against Ustilaginoidea virens
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Interactor
- Ustilaginoidea virensUstilaginoidea virense3pathogen
- Second interactor
- Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma virens, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma reesei
Trichoderma harzianum
Trichoderma virideTrichoderma virensTrichoderma reeseie3biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- treated through biological control agentse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“False smut of rice caused by Ustilaginoidea virens”
e3“The seed should be treated through biological control agents like Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma virens, Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma reesei against Ustilaginoidea virens find more effective to control diseases”
Claim · model-written summary
Growing resistant hybrid varieties is recommended against false smut
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- VNR-211e5
- Outcome
- Growing of resistant hybrids varietye5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“False smut of rice caused by Ustilaginoidea virens”
e5“Growing of resistant hybrids variety like VNR-211”
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