Abstract
Drylands are extensively spread in southern Tunisia where there are sizeable underground saline water that can to be used for sustainable production of salt-tolerant plants. Barley is a relatively salt-tolerant plant, compared to other Poaceae species. In order to identify salt-tolerant barley genotypes, we evaluated and compared the effect of salinity on eight genotypes. We have used two levels of saline irrigation water (6 and 12 g NaCl.L-1) along with a non-saline control. Our results showed that for all genotypes, plant height was significantly reduced at 12 g NaCl.L1. However at this level of stress, leaf surface was reduced in some genotypes. It is worth to note that high salinity did not reduce leaf surface in both Tunisian varieties Manel and Rihane as well as in the introduced PK30118. These improved genotypes showed a strong decrease in their chlorophyll content, assessed by SPAD measurement. Yield parameters analysis showed that the local population Ardhaoui, Pak1, PK30109 and PK30046 exhibit a high number of ears/m2, independently of the salinity level of the irrigation water. The Tunisian improved cultivars as well as PK30118 and PK30130 were severely affected when irrigated with a 12 g NaCl.L-1. The thousand grains weight parameter was affected for all study genotypes at severe salinity except the local genotype Ardhaoui. The global yield analysis showed that in the absence of salinity, improved cultivars Manel, Rihane and the Pakistani lines PK30118 and PK30130 showed the highest yields. The lowest yield reduction at moderate stress was observed with Pak1 and with Ardhaoui with the severe stress. In general, our results showed that, only a severe salinity stress significantly affected barley lines confirming the salt tolerance of this specie. Moreover, our results indicated that salt sensitive genotypes are unable to restrict leaf expansion when submitted to salinity. On the whole, Manel and Rihane can be used only under non-saline conditions. The genotypes Pak1 and PK30046 can be also used under moderate salinity, while Ardhaoui can be used under both moderate and severe saline conditions.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Plant height fell significantly in all barley genotypes at 12 g NaCl.L1.
- Taxon
- Barley
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- 12 g NaCl.L1e0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“for all genotypes, plant height was significantly reduced at 12 g NaCl.L1”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf surface fell in some barley genotypes under that stress level.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- this level of stresse0
- Outcome
- leaf surfacee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at this level of stress, leaf surface was reduced in some genotypes”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
High salinity did not reduce leaf surface in Manel.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Manele0
- Treatment
- high salinitye0
- Outcome
- leaf surfacee0
- Direction
- did not reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“high salinity did not reduce leaf surface in both Tunisian varieties Manel and Rihane as well as in the introduced PK30118”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
High salinity did not reduce leaf surface in Rihane.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Rihanee0
- Treatment
- high salinitye0
- Outcome
- leaf surfacee0
- Direction
- did not reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“high salinity did not reduce leaf surface in both Tunisian varieties Manel and Rihane as well as in the introduced PK30118”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
High salinity did not reduce leaf surface in PK30118.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- PK30118e0
- Treatment
- high salinitye0
- Outcome
- leaf surfacee0
- Direction
- did not reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“high salinity did not reduce leaf surface in both Tunisian varieties Manel and Rihane as well as in the introduced PK30118”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
The improved genotypes had a strong decrease in chlorophyll content.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These improved genotypes showed a strong decrease in their chlorophyll content, assessed by SPAD measurement”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Ardhaoui maintained a high number of ears per square metre regardless of salinity.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Ardhaouie0
- Outcome
- number of ears/m2e0
- Direction
- highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the local population Ardhaoui, Pak1, PK30109 and PK30046 exhibit a high number of ears/m2, independently of the salinity level of the irrigation water”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Pak1 maintained a high number of ears per square metre regardless of salinity.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Pak1e0
- Outcome
- number of ears/m2e0
- Direction
- highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the local population Ardhaoui, Pak1, PK30109 and PK30046 exhibit a high number of ears/m2, independently of the salinity level of the irrigation water”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
PK30109 maintained a high number of ears per square metre regardless of salinity.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- PK30109e0
- Outcome
- number of ears/m2e0
- Direction
- highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the local population Ardhaoui, Pak1, PK30109 and PK30046 exhibit a high number of ears/m2, independently of the salinity level of the irrigation water”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
PK30046 maintained a high number of ears per square metre regardless of salinity.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- PK30046e0
- Outcome
- number of ears/m2e0
- Direction
- highe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the local population Ardhaoui, Pak1, PK30109 and PK30046 exhibit a high number of ears/m2, independently of the salinity level of the irrigation water”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Tunisian improved cultivars were severely affected by 12 g NaCl.L-1 irrigation.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Tunisian improved cultivarse0
- Treatment
- 12 g NaCl.L-1e0
- Outcome
- severely affectede0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Tunisian improved cultivars as well as PK30118 and PK30130 were severely affected when irrigated with a 12 g NaCl.L-1”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
PK30118 was severely affected by 12 g NaCl.L-1 irrigation.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- PK30118e0
- Treatment
- 12 g NaCl.L-1e0
- Outcome
- severely affectede0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Tunisian improved cultivars as well as PK30118 and PK30130 were severely affected when irrigated with a 12 g NaCl.L-1”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
PK30130 was severely affected by 12 g NaCl.L-1 irrigation.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- PK30130e0
- Treatment
- 12 g NaCl.L-1e0
- Outcome
- severely affectede0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Tunisian improved cultivars as well as PK30118 and PK30130 were severely affected when irrigated with a 12 g NaCl.L-1”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Thousand grain weight was affected by severe salinity in all genotypes except Ardhaoui.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- severe salinitye0
- Outcome
- thousand grains weighte0
- Qualifier
- except the local genotype Ardhaouie0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The thousand grains weight parameter was affected for all study genotypes at severe salinity except the local genotype Ardhaoui”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Manel, Rihane, PK30118 and PK30130 had the highest yields without salinity.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Qualifier
- in the absence of salinitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in the absence of salinity, improved cultivars Manel, Rihane and the Pakistani lines PK30118 and PK30130 showed the highest yields”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Pak1 had the lowest yield reduction at moderate salinity.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Pak1e0
- Treatment
- moderate stresse0
- Outcome
- yield reductione0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lowest yield reduction at moderate stress was observed with Pak1”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Ardhaoui had the lowest yield reduction under severe salinity.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Material
- Ardhaouie0
- Treatment
- severe stresse0
- Outcome
- yield reductione0
- Direction
- loweste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lowest yield reduction at moderate stress was observed with Pak1 and with Ardhaoui with the severe stress”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
Only severe salinity significantly affected barley lines.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- severe salinity stresse0
- Outcome
- barley linese0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“only a severe salinity stress significantly affected barley lines”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt sensitive genotypes could not restrict leaf expansion under salinity.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- leaf expansione0
- Direction
- unable to restricte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salt sensitive genotypes are unable to restrict leaf expansion when submitted to salinity”
t0“Barley”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend Manel and Rihane only for non-saline conditions, Pak1 and PK30046 for moderate salinity, and Ardhaoui for moderate or severe salinity.
- Taxon
- BarleyHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- can be usede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Manel and Rihane can be used only under non-saline conditions. The genotypes Pak1 and PK30046 can be also used under moderate salinity, while Ardhaoui can be used under both moderate and severe saline conditions”
t0“Barley”
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sodium chloride · growth · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results differ
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