Abstract
Summary Despite being the single largest cassava-producing country, yields in Nigeria remain consistently poor and among the lowest. Regionally, yields are also particularly low across Africa. Pests and pathogens, including plant-parasitic nematodes, play an important role in this current yield deficit. African countries are not only faced with the problem of food security but also that of nutritional deficiency, due to limited micronutrients in the diet. In this study, six biofortified cultivars were evaluated for their response to inoculation with approximately 30 000 root-knot nematode ( Meloidogyne incognita ) eggs in 30 l pots in Nigeria. All cassava cultivars proved highly susceptible to M. incognita infection after 6 months, with nematode reproduction factor ranging from 7.0 to 44.8. Galling was common on feeder roots and gall index scores were recorded between 4 to 5 (on a scale of 1-5 where 5 ⩽ 100 galls). Meloidogyne incognita infection significantly reduced plant height, stem girth, fresh plant mass, fresh storage root number and storage root weight. Percentage yield loss of between 41.8-88.4% was recorded in M. incognita -infected plants compared with non-infected controls. Although M. incognita reduced storage root weight, it did not necessarily affect the nutritional quality (total carotenoid) or dry weight percentage of the biofortified cassava cultivars. Total carotenoid and dry weight contents of the control cultivar were similar to some of the biofortified cultivars. The high susceptibility of the biofortified cassava cultivars to M. incognita infection indicates that substantial yield losses are likely being experienced by farmers, as this nematode pest is prevalent across sub-Saharan Africa and the tropics.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
All biofortified cassava cultivars were highly susceptible to M. incognita infection.
- Taxon
- cassava cultivars
Manihot esculentae1 - Interactor
- M. incognita
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Meloidogyne incognitae1pest - Outcome
- highly susceptible to M. incognita infectione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“profoundly affects the production of popular biofortified cassava cultivars”
e1“All cassava cultivars proved highly susceptible to M. incognita infection after 6 months, with nematode reproduction factor ranging from 7.0 to 44.8”
Claim · model-written summary
M. incognita infection gave nematode reproduction factors of 7.0 to 44.8 in cassava cultivars.
- Taxon
- cassava cultivarsManihot esculentae1
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae1pest
- Outcome
- nematode reproduction factore1
- Value
- 7.0 to 44.8e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“profoundly affects the production of popular biofortified cassava cultivars”
e1“All cassava cultivars proved highly susceptible to M. incognita infection after 6 months, with nematode reproduction factor ranging from 7.0 to 44.8”
Claim · model-written summary
Galling on feeder roots of cassava had gall index scores between 4 and 5.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Organ / stage
- feeder rootse2
- Outcome
- gall index scorese2
- Value
- between 4 to 5e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“profoundly affects the production of popular biofortified cassava cultivars”
e2“Galling was common on feeder roots and gall index scores were recorded between 4 to 5”
Claim · model-written summary
M. incognita infection significantly reduced plant height, stem girth and fresh plant mass of cassava.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- Meloidogyne incognita infectione3
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae3pest
- Outcome
- plant height, stem girth, fresh plant masse3
- Direction
- significantly reducede3
- Comparator
- non-infected controlse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“profoundly affects the production of popular biofortified cassava cultivars”
e3“Meloidogyne incognita infection significantly reduced plant height, stem girth, fresh plant mass, fresh storage root number and storage root weight”
e4“Percentage yield loss of between 41.8-88.4% was recorded in M. incognita -infected plants compared with non-infected controls”
Claim · model-written summary
M. incognita infection significantly reduced fresh storage root number and storage root weight of cassava.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- Meloidogyne incognita infectione3
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae3pest
- Outcome
- fresh storage root number and storage root weighte3
- Direction
- significantly reducede3
- Comparator
- non-infected controlse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“profoundly affects the production of popular biofortified cassava cultivars”
e3“Meloidogyne incognita infection significantly reduced plant height, stem girth, fresh plant mass, fresh storage root number and storage root weight”
e4“Percentage yield loss of between 41.8-88.4% was recorded in M. incognita -infected plants compared with non-infected controls”
Claim · model-written summary
M. incognita-infected cassava plants lost 41.8-88.4% yield relative to non-infected controls.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Treatment
- M. incognita -infectede4
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae4pest
- Outcome
- Percentage yield losse4
- Direction
- increaseinferrede4
- Value
- 41.8-88.4%e4
- Comparator
- non-infected controlse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“profoundly affects the production of popular biofortified cassava cultivars”
e4“Percentage yield loss of between 41.8-88.4% was recorded in M. incognita -infected plants compared with non-infected controls”
Claim · model-written summary
M. incognita did not necessarily affect total carotenoid or dry weight percentage of biofortified cassava.
- Taxon
- biofortified cassava cultivarse5
- Treatment
- M. incognitae5
- Interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae5pest
- Outcome
- nutritional quality (total carotenoid) or dry weight percentagee5
- Direction
- did not necessarily affecte5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“profoundly affects the production of popular biofortified cassava cultivars”
e5“Although M. incognita reduced storage root weight, it did not necessarily affect the nutritional quality (total carotenoid) or dry weight percentage of the biofortified cassava cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Total carotenoid and dry weight of the control cultivar were similar to some biofortified cassava cultivars.
- Taxon
- cassavaManihot esculentat0
- Outcome
- Total carotenoid and dry weight contentse6
- Qualifier
- were similar to some of the biofortified cultivarse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“profoundly affects the production of popular biofortified cassava cultivars”
e6“Total carotenoid and dry weight contents of the control cultivar were similar to some of the biofortified cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Substantial cassava yield losses are likely under M. incognita infection in farmers fields.
Verbatim
t0“profoundly affects the production of popular biofortified cassava cultivars”
e7“The high susceptibility of the biofortified cassava cultivars to M. incognita infection indicates that substantial yield losses are likely being experienced by farmers”
The same questions in other papers
Meloidogyne incognita · growth · Manihot esculenta (cassava)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
- negative
infection · growth · Manihot esculenta (cassava)Results agree
6 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- no effect
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.