Abstract
This study was carried out to quantify the drought stress in grafted watermelon seedlings non-destructively by using chlorophyll fluorescence (CF) imaging technique rather than the visual judgment. Six-day old watermelon seedlings were grown under uniform irrigation for 3 days, and then given drought stress. Afterward, the sensor for the measurement of water content in plug tray cell unit was used to classify the drought-stress level into nine groups from D1 (53.0%, sufficient moisture state) to D9 (15.7%, extremely dry stress), and the 16 CF parameters were measured. In addition, re-irrigation was performed on the drought stressed seedlings(D5 -D9) to determine the growth and photosynthesis recovery level, which was not confirmed by visual judgment. The kinetic curve patterns of CF in three different drought stressed seedling groups were found to be different for the early detection of drought stress. All the 16 CF parameters decreased continuously with exposure to drought stress and drastically decreased from D5 (32.1%) where the visual judgment was possible. The fluorescence decline ratio (Rfd_Lss) started to decrease from the initial drought stress level (D5 -D6), and the Maximum PSII quantum yield (Fv/Fm) was significantly decreased in the later extreme drought stress range (D7 -D9) by re-irrigation recovery test. Thus, Rfd_Lss and Fv/Fm parameters were finally selected as potent indicators of growth and photosynthesis recovery in the initial and later stages of drought stress. Also, to the differences in the numerical values of the individual chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, the drought stress level was intuitively confirmed through the image. These results indicate that Rfd and Fv/Fm can be considered as potential CF parameters for the detection of low and extremely high drought stress, respectively. Furthermore, Fv/Fm can be considered as the best CF parameters for recovery at re-irrigation.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
CF kinetic curves distinguished three drought stress groups in watermelon seedlings.
- Taxon
- Watermelon
Citrullus lanatust0 - Outcome
- kinetic curve patterns of CFe0
- Direction
- differente0
- Comparator
- three different drought stressed seedling groupse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The kinetic curve patterns of CF in three different drought stressed seedling groups were found to be different for the early detection of drought stress.”
t0“Grafted Watermelon Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
All 16 CF parameters decreased with drought stress, sharply from D5.
- Taxon
- WatermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Treatment
- exposure to drought stresse0
- Outcome
- 16 CF parameterse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- D5 (32.1%)e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All the 16 CF parameters decreased continuously with exposure to drought stress and drastically decreased from D5 (32.1%) where the visual judgment was possible.”
t0“Grafted Watermelon Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Rfd_Lss began decreasing at initial drought stress D5 to D6.
- Taxon
- WatermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Outcome
- fluorescence decline ratio (Rfd_Lss)e0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- initial drought stress level (D5 -D6)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fluorescence decline ratio (Rfd_Lss) started to decrease from the initial drought stress level (D5 -D6), and the Maximum PSII quantum yield (Fv/Fm) was significantly decreased in the later extreme drought stress range (D7 -D9) by re-irrigation recovery test.”
t0“Grafted Watermelon Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Fv/Fm decreased significantly in later extreme drought stress D7 to D9 in the recovery test.
- Taxon
- WatermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Outcome
- Maximum PSII quantum yield (Fv/Fm)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- later extreme drought stress range (D7 -D9) by re-irrigation recovery teste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The fluorescence decline ratio (Rfd_Lss) started to decrease from the initial drought stress level (D5 -D6), and the Maximum PSII quantum yield (Fv/Fm) was significantly decreased in the later extreme drought stress range (D7 -D9) by re-irrigation recovery test.”
t0“Grafted Watermelon Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Rfd_Lss was selected as an indicator of recovery at initial drought stress.
- Taxon
- WatermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Outcome
- Rfd_Lsse0
- Qualifier
- growth and photosynthesis recoverye0
- Comparator
- initial and later stages of drought stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Thus, Rfd_Lss and Fv/Fm parameters were finally selected as potent indicators of growth and photosynthesis recovery in the initial and later stages of drought stress.”
t0“Grafted Watermelon Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Fv/Fm was selected as an indicator of recovery at later drought stress.
- Taxon
- WatermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Outcome
- Fv/Fme0
- Qualifier
- growth and photosynthesis recoverye0
- Comparator
- initial and later stages of drought stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Thus, Rfd_Lss and Fv/Fm parameters were finally selected as potent indicators of growth and photosynthesis recovery in the initial and later stages of drought stress.”
t0“Grafted Watermelon Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
CF images visually confirmed drought stress level.
- Taxon
- WatermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Outcome
- drought stress levele0
- Comparator
- numerical values of the individual chlorophyll fluorescence parameterse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Also, to the differences in the numerical values of the individual chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, the drought stress level was intuitively confirmed through the image.”
t0“Grafted Watermelon Seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Fv/Fm was considered the best CF parameter for recovery after re-irrigation.
- Taxon
- WatermelonCitrullus lanatust0
- Outcome
- Fv/Fme0
- Qualifier
- recovery at re-irrigatione0
- Comparator
- CF parameterse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Furthermore, Fv/Fm can be considered as the best CF parameters for recovery at re-irrigation.”
t0“Grafted Watermelon Seedlings”
The same questions in other papers
drought · physiology: photosynthesis · Citrullus lanatus (watermelon)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.