Abstract
BACKGROUND: The low temperature of liquid nitrogen is assumed to stop ageing and preserve viability indefinitely, however there are few validating data sets. The use of seeds to test these assumptions is important because other cryopreserved systems lack quantitative measures of viability to allow comparisons among timed points. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate survival of a collection of seeds with short lifespans stored 12-20 years in liquid nitrogen. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seeds from 11 species (26 accessions) were removed from cryostorage and evaluated for germination and normal growth. RESULTS: Germination of Plantago cordata and Betula spp. seeds did not decrease significantly during cryostorage. However, Populus deltoides and most Salix spp. accessions showed a significant decrease in germination, with further loss observed when P. deltoides seedlings were followed to the young plant stage. Seeds of initial low quality showed greater deterioration during cryostorage. CONCLUSION: Cryostorage maintained viability of Salix and Populus seeds longer than other temperatures. However, ageing was not completely stopped and seed longevity was shorter than that predicted for many other species. A high initial seed quality is important in order to obtain the maximum benefit of cryostorage.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Germination of Plantago cordata seeds did not decrease significantly during cryostorage.
- Taxon
- Plantago cordata
Plantago cordatae1 - Treatment
- cryostoragee1
- Outcome
- Germinatione1
- Direction
- did not decreasee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Germination of Plantago cordata and Betula spp. seeds did not decrease significantly during cryostorage”
e2“Seeds from 11 species (26 accessions) were removed from cryostorage and evaluated”
Claim · model-written summary
Germination of Betula spp. seeds did not decrease significantly during cryostorage.
BetulaOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Germination of Plantago cordata and Betula spp. seeds did not decrease significantly during cryostorage”
e2“Seeds from 11 species (26 accessions) were removed from cryostorage and evaluated”
Claim · model-written summary
Populus deltoides seed germination showed a significant decrease during cryostorage.
- Taxon
- Populus deltoides
Populus deltoidese3 - Outcome
- germinatione3
- Direction
- decreasee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Populus deltoides and most Salix spp. accessions showed a significant decrease in germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Most Salix spp. accessions showed a significant decrease in germination during cryostorage.
SalixOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Populus deltoides and most Salix spp. accessions showed a significant decrease in germination”
Claim · model-written summary
Further loss of germination was observed when P. deltoides seedlings reached the young plant stage.
- Taxon
- P. deltoidesPopulus deltoidese4
- Organ / stage
- young plant stagee4
- Outcome
- further losse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“with further loss observed when P. deltoides seedlings were followed to the young plant stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Seeds of initial low quality showed greater deterioration during cryostorage.
Verbatim
e2“Seeds from 11 species (26 accessions) were removed from cryostorage and evaluated”
e5“Seeds of initial low quality showed greater deterioration during cryostorage”
Claim · model-written summary
Cryostorage maintained viability of Salix seeds longer than other temperatures did.
- Treatment
- Cryostoragee6
- Outcome
- viabilitye6
- Direction
- maintainede6
- Qualifier
- longere6
- Comparator
- other temperaturese6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Cryostorage maintained viability of Salix and Populus seeds longer than other temperatures”
Claim · model-written summary
Cryostorage maintained viability of Populus seeds longer than other temperatures did.
- Treatment
- Cryostoragee6
- Outcome
- viabilitye6
- Direction
- maintainede6
- Qualifier
- longere6
- Comparator
- other temperaturese6
PopulusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Cryostorage maintained viability of Salix and Populus seeds longer than other temperatures”
Claim · model-written summary
Ageing was not completely stopped during cryostorage.
Verbatim
e2“Seeds from 11 species (26 accessions) were removed from cryostorage and evaluated”
e7“However, ageing was not completely stopped”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed longevity in cryostorage was shorter than that predicted for many other species.
Verbatim
e2“Seeds from 11 species (26 accessions) were removed from cryostorage and evaluated”
e0“seed longevity was shorter than that predicted for many other species”
Claim · model-written summary
High initial seed quality is important to obtain the maximum benefit of cryostorage.
Verbatim
e2“Seeds from 11 species (26 accessions) were removed from cryostorage and evaluated”
e0“A high initial seed quality is important in order to obtain the maximum benefit of cryostorage”