Abstract
The objective of presented in this paper the results of the 4-year field research was an evaluation of effect of two-component (NP) fertilizer placement depth, the type of nitrogen fertilizer and the date of its application on the occurrence of pests in maize cultivation. Changing weather conditions in the years of performing the field studies significantly differentiated the percentage of maize plants damaged by pests. The depth of NP fertilizer application did not have a significant impact on the number of plants damaged by the European maize borer [Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner)], frit fly (Oscinella frit L.) and cereal leaf beetle (Oulema melanopus). Frit fly damaged plants fertilized with ammonium nitrate at higher degree than the plants fertilized with urea. In-season sidedress nitrogen application at the BBCH 15/16 growth stage increased the percentage of plants damaged by cereal leaf beetle compared to the pre-sowing N application. Regardless of the years of research and the NP fertilizer placement depth, significantly the smallest damage to plants caused by cereal leaf beetle was recorded for pre-sowing application of ammonium nitrate or urea and significantly the greatest when ammonium nitrate was applied in season at the BBCH 15/16 growth phase. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki 4-letnich badań polowych, których celem była ocena wpływu głębokości umieszczania nawozu mineralnego, dwuskładnikowego (NP) w warstwie gleby, rodzaju nawozu azotowego oraz terminu jego aplikacji na występowanie szkodników w uprawie kukurydzy. Zmienne warunki pogodowe w latach badań, w istotny sposób różnicowały odsetek roślin kukurydzy uszkodzonych przez szkodniki. Głębokość aplikacji nawozu NP nie miała istotnego wpływu na ilość roślin uszkodzonych przez omacnicę prosowiankę [Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner)], ploniarkę zbożówkę (Oscinella frit L.) i skrzypionkę zbożową (Oulema melanopus). Ploniarka zbożówka w większym stopniu uszkadzała rośliny nawożone saletrą amonową, w porównaniu do mocznika. Pogłówna aplikacja azotu w fazie BBCH 15/16 zwiększała odsetek roślin uszkodzonych przez skrzypionkę zbożową, w stosunku do przedsiewnej aplikacji tego składnika. Niezależnie od lat badań i głębokości aplikacji nawozu NP, istotnie najmniejsze uszkodzenia roślin przez skrzypionkę zbożową odnotowano po zastosowaniu saletry amonowej lub mocznika przed siewem kukurydzy, a istotnie największe, gdy zastosowano saletrę amonową w fazie BBCH 15/16.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Weather changes significantly differentiated maize plant pest damage.
- Outcome
- percentage of maize plants damaged by pestse0
- Qualifier
- Changing weather conditionse0
- Setting
- field studiese0
Zea maysNot reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Changing weather conditions in the years of performing the field studies significantly differentiated the percentage of maize plants damaged by pests”
Claim · model-written summary
NP fertilizer application depth had no significant effect on maize borer damage.
- Treatment
- depth of NP fertilizer applicatione0
- Interactor
- Ostrinia nubilalis
Ostrinia nubilalise0pest - Outcome
- number of plants damaged by the European maize borere0
- Direction
- did not have a significant impacte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The depth of NP fertilizer application did not have a significant impact on the number of plants damaged by the European maize borer [Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner)], frit fly (Oscinella frit L.) and cereal leaf beetle (Oulema melanopus)”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
NP fertilizer application depth had no significant effect on frit fly damage.
- Treatment
- depth of NP fertilizer applicatione0
- Interactor
- Oscinella frit L.
Oscinella frite0pest - Outcome
- plants damaged by the European maize borer [Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner)], frit flye0
- Direction
- did not have a significant impacte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The depth of NP fertilizer application did not have a significant impact on the number of plants damaged by the European maize borer [Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner)], frit fly (Oscinella frit L.) and cereal leaf beetle (Oulema melanopus)”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
NP fertilizer application depth had no significant effect on cereal leaf beetle damage.
- Treatment
- depth of NP fertilizer applicatione0
- Interactor
- Oulema melanopus
_-_Kitchener%2C_Ontario.jpg?width=60)
Oulema melanopuse0pest - Outcome
- cereal leaf beetlee0
- Direction
- did not have a significant impacte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_-_Kitchener%2C_Ontario.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The depth of NP fertilizer application did not have a significant impact on the number of plants damaged by the European maize borer [Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner)], frit fly (Oscinella frit L.) and cereal leaf beetle (Oulema melanopus)”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Frit fly damage was higher with ammonium nitrate than urea.
- Treatment
- ammonium nitratee0
- Interactor
- Frit flyOscinella frite0pest
- Outcome
- Frit fly damaged plantse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- ureae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Frit fly damaged plants fertilized with ammonium nitrate at higher degree than the plants fertilized with urea”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
In-season nitrogen sidedressing increased cereal leaf beetle damage compared with pre-sowing application.
- Treatment
- In-season sidedress nitrogen application at the BBCH 15/16 growth stagee0
- Interactor
- cereal leaf beetlee0pest
- Outcome
- percentage of plants damaged by cereal leaf beetlee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- pre-sowing N applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In-season sidedress nitrogen application at the BBCH 15/16 growth stage increased the percentage of plants damaged by cereal leaf beetle compared to the pre-sowing N application”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-sowing ammonium nitrate gave the smallest cereal leaf beetle damage.
- Treatment
- pre-sowing application of ammonium nitratee0
- Interactor
- cereal leaf beetlee0pest
- Outcome
- damage to plants caused by cereal leaf beetlee0
- Direction
- smalleste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significantly the smallest damage to plants caused by cereal leaf beetle was recorded for pre-sowing application of ammonium nitrate or urea”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-sowing urea gave the smallest cereal leaf beetle damage.
- Treatment
- ureae0
- Interactor
- cereal leaf beetlee0pest
- Outcome
- damage to plants caused by cereal leaf beetlee0
- Direction
- smalleste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significantly the smallest damage to plants caused by cereal leaf beetle was recorded for pre-sowing application of ammonium nitrate or urea”
t0“maize”
Claim · model-written summary
In-season ammonium nitrate gave the greatest cereal leaf beetle damage.
- Treatment
- ammonium nitrate was applied in season at the BBCH 15/16 growth phasee0
- Outcome
- greateste0
- Direction
- greateste0
Not reportedInteractor
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significantly the greatest when ammonium nitrate was applied in season at the BBCH 15/16 growth phase”
t0“maize”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · Oscinella frit · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
fertilization · Ostrinia nubilalis · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- negative
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.