Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although nitrogen (N) availability is a major determinant of cotton production, little is known about the importance of plants' preference for ammonium versus nitrate for better growth and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE). We aimed to assess the growth, physiology, and NUE of contrasting N-efficient cotton genotypes (Z-1017, N-efficient and GD-89, N-inefficient) supplied with low and high concentrations of ammonium- and nitrate-N. RESULTS: The results revealed that ammonium fed plants showed poor root growth, lower dry biomass, N content, leaf chlorophyll and gas exchange than those under nitrate irrespective of the concentration. However, the highest N uptake and utilization efficiency were obtained with nitrate fed plants, which also resulted in the highest dry biomass, N content, leaf chlorophyll and gas exchange as well as root growth. The results further confirmed that N-efficient (Z-1017) genotype performed better under both N sources, showing more flexibility to contrasting N condition by increasing growth and NUE in either source of N. Moreover, multivariate analysis showed a strong relationship of root morphological traits with N utilization efficiency, suggesting the physiological importance of roots over shoots in response to low nitrate concentration. CONCLUSION: Thus, it was confirmed that nitrate-N is superior to ammonium-N and the use of nitrate and N-efficient genotype is the best option for optimum cotton growth and NUE. Further, field evaluation is required to confirm the hypothesis that nitrate is a preferred N source for better cotton production and NUE. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium-fed cotton had lower root growth than nitrate-fed cotton.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutumt0 - Treatment
- ammoniume0
- Outcome
- root growthe0
- Direction
- poore0
- Comparator
- nitratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“ammonium fed plants showed poor root growth, lower dry biomass, N content, leaf chlorophyll and gas exchange than those under nitrate irrespective of the concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium-fed cotton had lower dry biomass than nitrate-fed cotton.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- ammoniume0
- Outcome
- dry biomasse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- nitratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“ammonium fed plants showed poor root growth, lower dry biomass, N content, leaf chlorophyll and gas exchange than those under nitrate irrespective of the concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium-fed cotton had lower N content than nitrate-fed cotton.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- ammoniume0
- Outcome
- N contente0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- nitratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“ammonium fed plants showed poor root growth, lower dry biomass, N content, leaf chlorophyll and gas exchange than those under nitrate irrespective of the concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium-fed cotton had lower leaf chlorophyll than nitrate-fed cotton.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- ammoniume0
- Outcome
- leaf chlorophylle0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- nitratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“ammonium fed plants showed poor root growth, lower dry biomass, N content, leaf chlorophyll and gas exchange than those under nitrate irrespective of the concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium-fed cotton had lower gas exchange than nitrate-fed cotton.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- ammoniume0
- Outcome
- gas exchangee0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- nitratee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“ammonium fed plants showed poor root growth, lower dry biomass, N content, leaf chlorophyll and gas exchange than those under nitrate irrespective of the concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate-fed cotton had the highest N uptake.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- nitratee0
- Outcome
- N uptakee0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“the highest N uptake and utilization efficiency were obtained with nitrate fed plants, which also resulted in the highest dry biomass, N content, leaf chlorophyll and gas exchange as well as root growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrate-fed cotton had the highest utilization efficiency.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- nitratee0
- Outcome
- utilization efficiencye0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“the highest N uptake and utilization efficiency were obtained with nitrate fed plants, which also resulted in the highest dry biomass, N content, leaf chlorophyll and gas exchange as well as root growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Z-1017 increased growth under either nitrogen source.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Material
- Z-1017e0
- Treatment
- either source of Ne0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“N-efficient (Z-1017) genotype performed better under both N sources, showing more flexibility to contrasting N condition by increasing growth and NUE in either source of N”
Claim · model-written summary
Z-1017 increased NUE under either nitrogen source.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Material
- Z-1017e0
- Treatment
- either source of Ne0
- Outcome
- NUEe0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“N-efficient (Z-1017) genotype performed better under both N sources, showing more flexibility to contrasting N condition by increasing growth and NUE in either source of N”
Claim · model-written summary
Root morphology was strongly related to nitrogen utilization efficiency.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Outcome
- N utilization efficiencye0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“multivariate analysis showed a strong relationship of root morphological traits with N utilization efficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend nitrate and an N-efficient genotype for cotton growth and NUE.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- nitrate and N-efficient genotypee0
- Outcome
- optimum cotton growth and NUEe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“cotton”
e0“the use of nitrate and N-efficient genotype is the best option for optimum cotton growth and NUE”
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