Abstract

ABSTRACT: In order to examine application of various herbicides for controlling weeds in wheat crop, a field trial was conducted at the Agronomic Research Area, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) during the year 2015-2016. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split-plot arrangements having three replications. The main plot was comprised application time of herbicides while the use of herbicides was assigned to sub-plots. The data revealed that most of the weed parameters, physiological traits and agronomic attributes of crop plants were significantly affected by weed management practices including the use of herbicides at different time intervals over the weedy check. Hand weeding technique excelled all other weed management practices in almost all the parameters studied. This technique was found to be the most effective treatment against all prevailing weeds and obtained the highest grain yield of wheat under climatic conditions of Dera Ismail Khan.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 5

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Weed management practices significantly affected weed parameters.

Treatment
weed management practicese0
Interactor
weedst0weed
Outcome
weed parameterse0
Comparator
weedy checke0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“most of the weed parameters, physiological traits and agronomic attributes of crop plants were significantly affected by weed management practices including the use of herbicides at different time intervals over the weedy check”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 539–766 · show in text ↑
t0

“weeds and Their Effects on Physiological and Agronomic Traits of Wheat”

✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 71–141 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Weed management practices significantly affected physiological traits and agronomic attributes.

Treatment
weed management practicese0
Outcome
physiological traits and agronomic attributese0
Comparator
weedy checke0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“most of the weed parameters, physiological traits and agronomic attributes of crop plants were significantly affected by weed management practices including the use of herbicides at different time intervals over the weedy check”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 539–766 · show in text ↑
t0

“Physiological and Agronomic Traits of Wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 98–141 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Hand weeding excelled other weed management practices in almost all studied parameters.

Treatment
Hand weeding techniquee0
Outcome
almost all the parameters studiede0
Direction
excellede0
Comparator
all other weed management practicese0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Hand weeding technique excelled all other weed management practices in almost all the parameters studied”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 768–872 · show in text ↑
t0

“Wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 136–141 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Hand weeding was most effective against prevailing weeds.

Treatment
Hand weeding techniquee1
Interactor
weedse0weed
Outcome
all prevailing weedse0
Direction
most effectivee0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“This technique was found to be the most effective treatment against all prevailing weeds”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 874–962 · show in text ↑
t0

“Traits of Wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 126–141 · show in text ↑
e1

“Hand weeding technique excelled all other weed management practices in almost all the parameters studied”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 768–872 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Hand weeding gave the highest wheat grain yield at Dera Ismail Khan.

Treatment
Hand weeding techniquee1
Outcome
grain yielde0
Direction
higheste0
Setting
Dera Ismail Khane0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“obtained the highest grain yield of wheat under climatic conditions of Dera Ismail Khan”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 967–1054 · show in text ↑
t0

“Application of Various Herbicides on Controlling Large and Narrow Leaf Weeds and Their Effects on Physiological and Agronomic Traits of Wheat”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–141 · show in text ↑
e1

“Hand weeding technique excelled all other weed management practices in almost all the parameters studied”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 768–872 · show in text ↑

herbicide · weed · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

401 papers: 362 positive, 39 negative or no effect

361 papers in the same direction as this paper · 34 in the opposite direction · 5 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

397 papers more in this group

See all 401 papers →

herbicide · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

563 papers: 466 positive, 97 negative or no effect

465 papers in the same direction as this paper · 87 in the opposite direction · 10 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

559 papers more in this group

See all 563 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.