Abstract
An experiment was conducted during the winter seasons of 1997–98 and 1998–99 to find out the effect of 4 herbicides on weeds and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.) Of the herbicides, metribuzin being most potent killer of weeds, eliminated Chenopodium album L. and gave excellent control of all other weeds. Only this herbicide paralysed severely the growth of Convolvulus arvensis L. till harvest of the crop. The next best treatment was atrazine. Its effect on C. album was similar to that of metribuzin. It gave remarkable control of Phalaris minor Retz. but its effect on Avena ludoviciana was inconspicuous while vividly vivid on all other weed species. Isoproturon gave good control of P. minor and C. album and satisfactory control of all other weed species except C. arvensis. Sulfosulfuron proved more effective than tralkoxydim in controlling A. ludoviciana. Both the herbicides were effective against P. minor. Weed population and weed dry weight were significantly lower under weed-control treatments. The lowest was in metribuzin and it proved significantly superior to all other treatments in arresting both weed population and weed dry matter. The next best treatments were hand-weeding and atrazine. Weed competition resulted in significant decrease in wheat plant height, productive tillers/m row length, grains/panicle and 1,000 grain weight and lowered crop yield by 27.2%. All the weed control treatments caused significant increase in yield attributes and yield in both the years. Hand-weeding affected maximum increase in grain yield which proved significantly superior to all other treatments except metribuzin. (150 g/ha). No significant difference existed between atrazine (100 g/ha) and metribuzin.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Metribuzin was the most potent weed killer and eliminated Chenopodium album.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- metribuzine1
- Interactor
- Chenopodium album
Chenopodium albume1weed - Outcome
- killer of weedse1
- Direction
- most potente1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effect of 4 herbicides on weeds and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.)”
e1“metribuzin being most potent killer of weeds, eliminated Chenopodium album L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed population and weed dry weight were significantly lower under weed-control treatments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- weed-control treatmentse2
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- Weed population and weed dry weighte2
- Direction
- lowere2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effect of 4 herbicides on weeds and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.)”
e2“Weed population and weed dry weight were significantly lower under weed-control treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Metribuzin gave the lowest weed population and weed dry matter, significantly superior to all other treatments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- metribuzine3
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- weed population and weed dry mattere3
- Direction
- loweste3
- Comparator
- all other treatmentse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effect of 4 herbicides on weeds and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.)”
e3“The lowest was in metribuzin and it proved significantly superior to all other treatments in arresting both weed population and weed dry matter”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed competition lowered wheat crop yield by 27.2%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Weed competitione4
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- crop yielde4
- Direction
- lowerede4
- Value
- 27.2%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effect of 4 herbicides on weeds and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.)”
e4“Weed competition resulted in significant decrease in wheat plant height, productive tillers/m row length, grains/panicle and 1,000 grain weight and lowered crop yield by 27.2%”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed competition significantly decreased wheat plant height, productive tillers and grains per panicle.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Weed competitione4
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- plant height, productive tillers/m row length, grains/paniclee4
- Direction
- decreasee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effect of 4 herbicides on weeds and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.)”
e4“Weed competition resulted in significant decrease in wheat plant height, productive tillers/m row length, grains/panicle and 1,000 grain weight and lowered crop yield by 27.2%”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed competition significantly decreased 1,000 grain weight of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Weed competitione4
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- 1,000 grain weighte4
- Direction
- decreasee4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effect of 4 herbicides on weeds and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.)”
e4“Weed competition resulted in significant decrease in wheat plant height, productive tillers/m row length, grains/panicle and 1,000 grain weight and lowered crop yield by 27.2%”
Claim · model-written summary
All weed-control treatments significantly increased yield attributes and yield of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- weed control treatmentse5
- Outcome
- yield attributes and yielde5
- Direction
- increasee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effect of 4 herbicides on weeds and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.)”
e5“All the weed control treatments caused significant increase in yield attributes and yield in both the years”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand-weeding gave the maximum increase in grain yield, significantly superior to all other treatments except metribuzin.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Hand-weedinge6
- Outcome
- grain yielde6
- Direction
- maximum increasee6
- Comparator
- all other treatments except metribuzine6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effect of 4 herbicides on weeds and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.)”
e6“Hand-weeding affected maximum increase in grain yield which proved significantly superior to all other treatments except metribuzin”
Claim · model-written summary
Atrazine at 100 g/ha did not differ significantly from metribuzin.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- atrazine (100 g/ha)e7
- Direction
- No significant differencee7
- Comparator
- metribuzine7
Not reportedOutcome
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effect of 4 herbicides on weeds and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.)”
e7“No significant difference existed between atrazine (100 g/ha) and metribuzin”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfosulfuron was more effective than tralkoxydim in controlling Avena ludoviciana.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Sulfosulfurone1
- Interactor
- A. ludoviciana
.jpg?width=60)
Avena sterilis subsp. ludovicianae1weed - Outcome
- controlling A. ludovicianae1
- Direction
- more effectivee1
- Comparator
- tralkoxydime1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“effect of 4 herbicides on weeds and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.)”
e1“Sulfosulfuron proved more effective than tralkoxydim in controlling A. ludoviciana”
Claim · model-written summary
Metribuzin severely paralysed the growth of Convolvulus arvensis.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- metribuzine1
- Interactor
- Convolvulus arvensis L.
.jpg?width=60)
Convolvulus arvensise1weed - Outcome
- growth of Convolvulus arvensis L.e1
- Direction
- paralysed severelye1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“effect of 4 herbicides on weeds and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.)”
e1“metribuzin being most potent killer of weeds, eliminated Chenopodium album L. and gave excellent control of all other weeds. Only this herbicide paralysed severely the growth of Convolvulus arvensis L.”
Claim · model-written summary
Atrazine gave remarkable control of Phalaris minor.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- atrazinee2
- Interactor
- Phalaris minor Retz
.jpg?width=60)
Phalaris minore2weed - Outcome
- controle2
- Direction
- remarkablee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“effect of 4 herbicides on weeds and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.)”
e2“The next best treatment was atrazine. Its effect on C. album was similar to that of metribuzin. It gave remarkable control of Phalaris minor Retz”
Claim · model-written summary
Isoproturon gave good control of Phalaris minor and Chenopodium album.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Isoproturone1
- Interactor
- P. minorPhalaris minore1weed
- Second interactor
- C. albumChenopodium albume1weed
- Outcome
- controle1
- Direction
- goode1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effect of 4 herbicides on weeds and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.)”
e1“Isoproturon gave good control of P. minor and C. album”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfosulfuron and tralkoxydim were both effective against Phalaris minor.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Both the herbicidese1
- Interactor
- P. minorPhalaris minore1weed
- Outcome
- effective against P. minore1
- Direction
- effectivee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“effect of 4 herbicides on weeds and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.)”
e1“Both the herbicides were effective against P. minor”
The same questions in other papers
isoproturon · Phalaris minor · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
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- negative
- negative
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See all 24 papers →metribuzin · weed · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
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- no effect
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See all 63 papers →metribuzin · Chenopodium album · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
atrazine · Phalaris minor · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
competition · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
31 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
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361 papers in the same direction as this paper · 34 in the opposite direction · 5 reporting no difference from an alternative
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- positive
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See all 401 papers →herbicide · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
465 papers in the same direction as this paper · 87 in the opposite direction · 10 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 563 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.