Abstract
Abstract Application of silicon (Si) could greatly boost wheat growth and yield by mitigating abiotic stress, especially drought. Aim The objective of this study was to determine the effect of silicon products in different forms and methods of its application on growth and yield of spring wheat cultivated under organic farming regime. Methods A field experiment was conducted in the period of 2017–2018 on a research farm. The impact of different methods of application of powder and liquid forms of Si products to soil, leaves and combined methods of application (to soil and leaves) on growth parameters and yielding of spring wheat was evaluated. The treatments consisted of the recommended doses of two Si products - Adesil and ZumSil at 10 kg and 0.3 l/ha, respectively. The effect of silicon was assessed by measuring emergence and height of plants, number and weight of ears, as well as the SPAD index and yield. Results The number of plants emergence (316–321 seedlings per 1 m 2 ), the number of spikes and the height of plants were the highest after application of the liquid form of silicon, regardless of the method of application. The yield was statistically higher after the combined and foliar applications of liquid form of silicon (4.97 and 4.84 t/ha, respectively). The powder silicon form was similar effective when was used as the combined application (to soil and leaves) (5.35 t/ ha). Conclusions Si stimulates growth of wheat enhancing number of ears and plant height, increases yields of organically grown spring wheat, a liquid Si formulation (solution of monosilicic acid) is more effective than a powder Si formulation (diatomaceous earth). Soil and foliar Si application is more effective than soil or foliar application.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Liquid silicon gave the highest plant emergence in spring wheat, 316–321 seedlings per 1 m2, regardless of application method.
- Taxon
- spring wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- liquid form of silicone1
- Outcome
- The number of plants emergencee1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 316–321 seedlings per 1 m 2e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on growth parameters and yielding of spring wheat was evaluated”
e1“The number of plants emergence (316–321 seedlings per 1 m 2 ), the number of spikes and the height of plants were the highest after application of the liquid form of silicon, regardless of the method of application”
Claim · model-written summary
Liquid silicon gave the highest number of spikes and plant height in spring wheat.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- liquid form of silicone1
- Outcome
- the number of spikes and the height of plantse1
- Direction
- higheste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on growth parameters and yielding of spring wheat was evaluated”
e1“The number of plants emergence (316–321 seedlings per 1 m 2 ), the number of spikes and the height of plants were the highest after application of the liquid form of silicon, regardless of the method of application”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined application of liquid silicon gave a statistically higher yield of spring wheat, 4.97.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- combined and foliar applications of liquid form of silicone2
- Outcome
- The yielde2
- Direction
- statistically highere2
- Value
- 4.97e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on growth parameters and yielding of spring wheat was evaluated”
e2“The yield was statistically higher after the combined and foliar applications of liquid form of silicon (4.97 and 4.84 t/ha, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar application of liquid silicon gave a statistically higher yield of spring wheat, 4.84.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- combined and foliar applications of liquid form of silicone2
- Outcome
- The yielde2
- Direction
- statistically highere2
- Value
- 4.84e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on growth parameters and yielding of spring wheat was evaluated”
e2“The yield was statistically higher after the combined and foliar applications of liquid form of silicon (4.97 and 4.84 t/ha, respectively)”
Claim · model-written summary
The powder silicon form applied to soil and leaves was similar in effect to the liquid form for spring wheat yield, 5.35 t/ha.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- combined application (to soil and leaves)e3
- Outcome
- The yielde2
- Direction
- similar effectivee3
- Value
- 5.35 t/ hae3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on growth parameters and yielding of spring wheat was evaluated”
e2“The yield was statistically higher after the combined and foliar applications of liquid form of silicon (4.97 and 4.84 t/ha, respectively)”
e3“The powder silicon form was similar effective when was used as the combined application (to soil and leaves) (5.35 t/ ha)”
Claim · model-written summary
A liquid silicon formulation is more effective than a powder silicon formulation for spring wheat.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- liquid Si formulatione4
- Outcome
- effectivee4
- Direction
- more effectivee4
- Comparator
- powder Si formulatione4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on growth parameters and yielding of spring wheat was evaluated”
e4“a liquid Si formulation (solution of monosilicic acid) is more effective than a powder Si formulation (diatomaceous earth)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil and foliar silicon application is more effective than soil or foliar application alone in spring wheat.
- Taxon
- spring wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Soil and foliar Si applicatione5
- Outcome
- effectivee5
- Direction
- more effectivee5
- Comparator
- soil or foliar applicatione5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“on growth parameters and yielding of spring wheat was evaluated”
e5“Soil and foliar Si application is more effective than soil or foliar application”
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