Abstract
A study was carried out during kharif and rabi seasons of 2013-14 and 2014-15 at Agricultural Research Station, Bheemarayanagudi to study about enhancing soil health and productivity of maize – wheat cropping system with balanced nutrients application through target yield approach under different tillage Practices. The results indicated that the growth and yield parameters of maize and wheat at harvest did not influence due to tillage practices. All these yield parameters were relatively higher in zero tillage with mulch @ 5 t ha-1 when compared to conventional tillage. Grain and stover yield of maize did not differ significantly due to different tillage management practices. But, zero tillage with mulch @ 5 t ha-1 produced relatively higher yield (65.9 q ha-1) than the zero tillage (64.3 q ha-1) followed by conventional tillage (55.8 q ha-1). The higher organic carbon and soil microflora at different stages were noticed with zero tillage with mulch@ 5 t ha-1. The higher available NPK and their uptake by maize crop were also recorded in zero tillage with mulch @ 5 t ha-1 followed by zero tillage compared to conventional tillage and zero tillage. The lower available NPK and their uptake by maize crop were recorded in conventional tillage and RDF. Further, due to nutrient management practices, the yield parameters of maize differed significantly. Target yield of 10 t ha-1 exhibited significantly higher growth and yield attributes at harvest when compared to other treatments except targeted yield of 8 t ha-1 and 150% RDF. The lowest values of these attributes were recorded in farmer’s practice of nutrient management followed by RDF. The grain yield and stover yield (69.9 q ha-1and 89.5 q ha-1, respectively) of maize was significantly higher with targeted yield of 10 t ha-1 followed by targeted yield of 8 t ha-1 and 150% RDF. The lowest grain and stover yield (53.6 q ha-1 and 74.3 q ha-1, respectively) was recorded in farmers practice followed by RDF. Significantly higher soil microflora, available NPK and their uptake by the maize crop was noticed in target yield of 10 t ha-1 followed by targeted yield of 8 t ha-1 and 150 % RDF as compared to other treatments. The lowest soil microflora, available NPK and their uptake by the maize was recorded in farmers practice followed by RDF. Non significant differences for grain and stover yield of maize was recorded due to interaction of tillage and nutrient management practices. Similar trend was also followed due to interaction of tillage and nutrient management practices for succeeding wheat. The yield and yield parameters of wheat did not differ due to tillage practices and target yield approaches followed for maize. Maize equivalent yield of wheat and system productivity were followed same trend as that of maize yield. Among different tillage practices, zero tillage (Rs. 78,181 ha-1 and 2.19) and zero tillage with mulch @ 5 t ha-1 (Rs. 80,272 ha-1 and 2.18) were recorded maximum net returns and higher BC ratio respectively. Similarly among different nutrient management practices, the target yield of 10 t ha-1 (Rs. 85,105 and 2.18) followed by targeted yield of 8 t ha-1 (Rs. 80,565 and 2.17) were recorded maximum net returns and higher BC ratio respectively as compare to other treatments.
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Claims 17
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage did not significantly affect maize grain and stover yield.
Zea maysNot reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Grain and stover yield of maize did not differ significantly due to different tillage management practices.”
t0“Enhancing Soil Health and Productivity of Maize – Wheat Cropping System with Balanced Nutrients Application through Target Yield Approach under Different Tillage Practices”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage with mulch produced relatively higher maize yield of 65.9 q ha-1.
- Treatment
- zero tillage with mulch @ 5 t ha-1e0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 65.9 q ha-1e0
- Qualifier
- 64.3 q ha-1e0
- Comparator
- zero tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“But, zero tillage with mulch @ 5 t ha-1 produced relatively higher yield (65.9 q ha-1) than the zero tillage (64.3 q ha-1) followed by conventional tillage (55.8 q ha-1).”
t0“Enhancing Soil Health and Productivity of Maize – Wheat Cropping System with Balanced Nutrients Application through Target Yield Approach under Different Tillage Practices”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage with mulch increased soil organic carbon and microflora.
- Treatment
- zero tillage with mulch@ 5 t ha-1e0
- Outcome
- organic carbon and soil microflorae0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Verbatim
e0“The higher organic carbon and soil microflora at different stages were noticed with zero tillage with mulch@ 5 t ha-1.”
t0“Enhancing Soil Health and Productivity of Maize – Wheat Cropping System with Balanced Nutrients Application through Target Yield Approach under Different Tillage Practices”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage with mulch raised available NPK and uptake by maize relative to conventional tillage.
- Treatment
- zero tillage with mulch @ 5 t ha-1e0
- Outcome
- available NPK and their uptake by maize crope0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- conventional tillagee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The higher available NPK and their uptake by maize crop were also recorded in zero tillage with mulch @ 5 t ha-1 followed by zero tillage compared to conventional tillage and zero tillage.”
t0“Enhancing Soil Health and Productivity of Maize – Wheat Cropping System with Balanced Nutrients Application through Target Yield Approach under Different Tillage Practices”
Claim · model-written summary
The 10 t ha-1 target yield treatment significantly increased maize growth and yield attributes.
- Treatment
- Target yield of 10 t ha-1e0
- Outcome
- growth and yield attributese0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- except targeted yield of 8 t ha-1 and 150% RDFe0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Target yield of 10 t ha-1 exhibited significantly higher growth and yield attributes at harvest when compared to other treatments except targeted yield of 8 t ha-1 and 150% RDF.”
t0“Enhancing Soil Health and Productivity of Maize – Wheat Cropping System with Balanced Nutrients Application through Target Yield Approach under Different Tillage Practices”
Claim · model-written summary
The 10 t ha-1 target gave significantly higher maize grain yield of 69.9 q ha-1.
- Treatment
- targeted yield of 10 t ha-1e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 69.9 q ha-1e0
- Comparator
- targeted yield of 8 t ha-1 and 150% RDFe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The grain yield and stover yield (69.9 q ha-1and 89.5 q ha-1, respectively) of maize was significantly higher with targeted yield of 10 t ha-1 followed by targeted yield of 8 t ha-1 and 150% RDF.”
t0“Enhancing Soil Health and Productivity of Maize – Wheat Cropping System with Balanced Nutrients Application through Target Yield Approach under Different Tillage Practices”
Claim · model-written summary
The 10 t ha-1 target gave significantly higher maize stover yield of 89.5 q ha-1.
- Treatment
- targeted yield of 10 t ha-1e0
- Outcome
- stover yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 89.5 q ha-1e0
- Comparator
- targeted yield of 8 t ha-1 and 150% RDFe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The grain yield and stover yield (69.9 q ha-1and 89.5 q ha-1, respectively) of maize was significantly higher with targeted yield of 10 t ha-1 followed by targeted yield of 8 t ha-1 and 150% RDF.”
t0“Enhancing Soil Health and Productivity of Maize – Wheat Cropping System with Balanced Nutrients Application through Target Yield Approach under Different Tillage Practices”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmers practice gave the lowest maize grain yield of 53.6 q ha-1.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lowest grain and stover yield (53.6 q ha-1 and 74.3 q ha-1, respectively) was recorded in farmers practice followed by RDF.”
t0“Enhancing Soil Health and Productivity of Maize – Wheat Cropping System with Balanced Nutrients Application through Target Yield Approach under Different Tillage Practices”
Claim · model-written summary
Farmers practice gave the lowest maize stover yield of 74.3 q ha-1.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lowest grain and stover yield (53.6 q ha-1 and 74.3 q ha-1, respectively) was recorded in farmers practice followed by RDF.”
t0“Enhancing Soil Health and Productivity of Maize – Wheat Cropping System with Balanced Nutrients Application through Target Yield Approach under Different Tillage Practices”
Claim · model-written summary
The 10 t ha-1 target increased soil microflora.
- Treatment
- target yield of 10 t ha-1e0
- Outcome
- soil microflorae0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Significantly higher soil microflora, available NPK and their uptake by the maize crop was noticed in target yield of 10 t ha-1 followed by targeted yield of 8 t ha-1 and 150 % RDF as compared to other treatments.”
t0“Enhancing Soil Health and Productivity of Maize – Wheat Cropping System with Balanced Nutrients Application through Target Yield Approach under Different Tillage Practices”
Claim · model-written summary
The 10 t ha-1 target increased NPK availability and uptake by maize.
- Treatment
- target yield of 10 t ha-1e0
- Outcome
- available NPK and their uptake by the maize crope0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significantly higher soil microflora, available NPK and their uptake by the maize crop was noticed in target yield of 10 t ha-1 followed by targeted yield of 8 t ha-1 and 150 % RDF as compared to other treatments.”
t0“Enhancing Soil Health and Productivity of Maize – Wheat Cropping System with Balanced Nutrients Application through Target Yield Approach under Different Tillage Practices”
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage and nutrient management interaction did not significantly change maize grain and stover yield.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Non significant differences for grain and stover yield of maize was recorded due to interaction of tillage and nutrient management practices.”
t0“Enhancing Soil Health and Productivity of Maize – Wheat Cropping System with Balanced Nutrients Application through Target Yield Approach under Different Tillage Practices”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat yield and yield parameters did not differ with tillage and target yield approaches used for maize.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- tillage practices and target yield approachese0
- Outcome
- yield and yield parameterse0
- Direction
- did not differe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The yield and yield parameters of wheat did not differ due to tillage practices and target yield approaches followed for maize.”
t0“Enhancing Soil Health and Productivity of Maize – Wheat Cropping System with Balanced Nutrients Application through Target Yield Approach under Different Tillage Practices”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage recorded net returns of Rs. 78,181 ha-1 and BC ratio 2.19.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Among different tillage practices, zero tillage (Rs. 78,181 ha-1 and 2.19) and zero tillage with mulch @ 5 t ha-1 (Rs. 80,272 ha-1 and 2.18) were recorded maximum net returns and higher BC ratio respectively.”
t0“Enhancing Soil Health and Productivity of Maize – Wheat Cropping System with Balanced Nutrients Application through Target Yield Approach under Different Tillage Practices”
Claim · model-written summary
Zero tillage with mulch recorded net returns of Rs. 80,272 ha-1.
- Treatment
- zero tillage with mulch @ 5 t ha-1e0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- Rs. 80,272 ha-1e0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Among different tillage practices, zero tillage (Rs. 78,181 ha-1 and 2.19) and zero tillage with mulch @ 5 t ha-1 (Rs. 80,272 ha-1 and 2.18) were recorded maximum net returns and higher BC ratio respectively.”
t0“Enhancing Soil Health and Productivity of Maize – Wheat Cropping System with Balanced Nutrients Application through Target Yield Approach under Different Tillage Practices”
Claim · model-written summary
The 10 t ha-1 target recorded net returns of Rs. 85,105.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Similarly among different nutrient management practices, the target yield of 10 t ha-1 (Rs. 85,105 and 2.18) followed by targeted yield of 8 t ha-1 (Rs. 80,565 and 2.17) were recorded maximum net returns and higher BC ratio respectively as compare to other treatments.”
t0“Enhancing Soil Health and Productivity of Maize – Wheat Cropping System with Balanced Nutrients Application through Target Yield Approach under Different Tillage Practices”
Claim · model-written summary
The 8 t ha-1 target recorded net returns of Rs. 80,565.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Similarly among different nutrient management practices, the target yield of 10 t ha-1 (Rs. 85,105 and 2.18) followed by targeted yield of 8 t ha-1 (Rs. 80,565 and 2.17) were recorded maximum net returns and higher BC ratio respectively as compare to other treatments.”
t0“Enhancing Soil Health and Productivity of Maize – Wheat Cropping System with Balanced Nutrients Application through Target Yield Approach under Different Tillage Practices”
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