Abstract
Partial replacement of synthetic chemical fertilizers by naturally occurring alternatives is environmentally recommended. Feldspars (F), quartz silica (S), and zeolites (Z) are silicon (Si)-rich minerals that may be utilized as Si fertilizers. This study aims to assess the agronomic efficiency (AE) of the mentioned minerals as Si fertilizers and to estimate Si-use efficiency (Si-UE) in sandy soil. A field experiment was carried out (summer seasons of 2016 and 2017) in which F, S, and Z were mixed with surface soil in an application rate 500 mg kg−1 soil with and without potassium humate (K-H, 2 mg kg−1 soil). Treatments were distributed in a complete randomized block design (CRBD) with three replicates including control before cultivation of soybean (Glycine max L.). Yield (kg ha−1) of soybean, available Si (mg kg−1) in soil and uptake (mg kg−1) of N, P, K, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Si by soybean seeds and straw were estimated. The most significant increase was by 67.87% followed by 38.69% was recorded for the S and S K-H treatments, compared to the control. Same treatments showed nonsignificant decrease in the available Si (mg kg−1) that may refer to partial replenishment of plant available Si (PAS) in soil and avoid significant deficiency. Silica treatments resulted in the most significant increase in the uptake (mg kg−1 soil) of Si, N, P, K, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn by seeds and almost by straw. Silica was more efficient agronomically than feldspar and zeolite. Absorption of more biocompatible Si-organo species may depend on Si source.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
S treatment increased soybean yield by 67.87% compared with control.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- Se0
- Outcome
- increasee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 67.87%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Schema note from the model: The sentence does not explicitly repeat the measured outcome.
Verbatim
t0“soybean (Glycine max L.)”
e0“The most significant increase was by 67.87% followed by 38.69% was recorded for the S and S K-H treatments, compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
S K-H treatment increased soybean yield by 38.69% compared with control.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- S K-He0
- Outcome
- increasee0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 38.69%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Schema note from the model: The sentence does not explicitly repeat the measured outcome.
Verbatim
t0“soybean (Glycine max L.)”
e0“The most significant increase was by 67.87% followed by 38.69% was recorded for the S and S K-H treatments, compared to the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
The S and S K-H treatments showed a nonsignificant decrease in soil available silicon.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- S and S K-H treatmentse1
- Outcome
- available Sie0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean (Glycine max L.)”
e0“Same treatments showed nonsignificant decrease in the available Si (mg kg−1) that may refer to partial replenishment of plant available Si (PAS) in soil and avoid significant deficiency.”
e1“S and S K-H treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Silica treatment increased uptake of Si, N, P by soybean seeds and almost by straw.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Treatment
- Silica treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Si, N, Pe0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean (Glycine max L.)”
e0“Silica treatments resulted in the most significant increase in the uptake (mg kg−1 soil) of Si, N, P, K, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn by seeds and almost by straw.”
Claim · model-written summary
Silica treatment increased uptake of K, Cu, Fe by soybean seeds and almost by straw.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Treatment
- Silica treatmentse0
- Outcome
- K, Cu, Fee0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean (Glycine max L.)”
e0“Silica treatments resulted in the most significant increase in the uptake (mg kg−1 soil) of Si, N, P, K, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn by seeds and almost by straw.”
Claim · model-written summary
Silica treatment increased uptake of Mn, and Zn by soybean seeds and almost by straw.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- seedse0
- Treatment
- Silica treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Mn, and Zne0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean (Glycine max L.)”
e0“Silica treatments resulted in the most significant increase in the uptake (mg kg−1 soil) of Si, N, P, K, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn by seeds and almost by straw.”
Claim · model-written summary
Silica was more agronomically efficient than feldspar and zeolite.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Silicae0
- Outcome
- efficient agronomicallye0
- Direction
- more efficiente0
- Comparator
- feldspar and zeolitee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean (Glycine max L.)”
e0“Silica was more efficient agronomically than feldspar and zeolite.”
Claim · model-written summary
Absorption of biocompatible silicon organo species may depend on silicon source.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- Absorption of more biocompatible Si-organo speciese0
- Qualifier
- Si sourcee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“soybean (Glycine max L.)”
e0“Absorption of more biocompatible Si-organo species may depend on Si source.”
The same questions in other papers
silicon dioxide · nutrient: content · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.