Abstract
A central composite rotatable design was used to estimate quadratic equations describing the relationship of radiation as measured by photosynthetic photon flux (PPF), day temperature (DT), and night temperature (NT) to the growth and development of Rosa hybrida L. in controlled environments. Plants were subjected to 15 treatment combinations of constant PPF, DT, and NT for the plant growth cycle from pinch to flowering according to the coding of the design matrix. Eleven plant characteristics were recorded to describe plant growth, and four characteristics were measured to describe flower bud development. Response surface equations were displayed as 3-dimensional plots. Canonical analysis indicated that all stationary points of the significant models were located outside the original design space, and all but one surface was a saddle shape. Both the plots and analysis showed greater stem diameter as well as greater fresh and dry weights of stem, leaves, and flower bud to occur at flowering under combinations of low DT ($<$ 17$\sp\circ$C) and low NT ($<$ 14$\sp\circ$C). However, low DT and NT delayed both visible bud formation and development to flowering. Increasing PPF over the range studied enhanced overall flower stem quality by increasing stem diameter and the fresh and dry weight of all plant parts at flowering, as well as decreasing the time until visible bud and flowering. Difference equations and quadratic models were included in a SLAM II simulation model, ROSESIM, to predict growth and development over time. Accuracy of model predictions was verified by plotting predicted growth curves along with original data from selected treatments that represented the full range of the model. One-way ANOVA procedures compared the difference of ROSESIM predictions from the 15 treatment means, finding significant differences at 20 days from pinch, but no significant differences (except for flower bud fresh and dry weights) at 30 and 40 days from pinch and at flowering. Tolerance intervals (95%) were calculated when daily integrated PPF was randomly estimated over three holiday growing seasons. This indicated how response may vary with changing weather conditions over years.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Low day temperature combinations gave greater stem diameter in Rosa hybrida L. at flowering.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.
Rosa hybrid cultivart0 - Treatment
- low DTe1
- Outcome
- stem diametere1
- Direction
- greatere1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Optimization of the greenhouse environment for Rosa hybrida L. production using computer growth modeling”
e1“Both the plots and analysis showed greater stem diameter as well as greater fresh and dry weights of stem, leaves, and flower bud to occur at flowering under combinations of low DT”
Claim · model-written summary
Low day temperature combinations gave greater fresh and dry weights of stem, leaves and flower bud of Rosa hybrida L. at flowering.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.Rosa hybrid cultivart0
- Organ / stage
- stem, leaves, and flower bude1
- Treatment
- low DTe1
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weights of stem, leaves, and flower bude1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Qualifier
- at floweringe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Optimization of the greenhouse environment for Rosa hybrida L. production using computer growth modeling”
e1“Both the plots and analysis showed greater stem diameter as well as greater fresh and dry weights of stem, leaves, and flower bud to occur at flowering under combinations of low DT”
Claim · model-written summary
Low day and night temperatures delayed visible bud formation and development to flowering in Rosa hybrida L.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.Rosa hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- low DT and NTe2
- Outcome
- visible bud formation and development to floweringe2
- Direction
- delayede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Optimization of the greenhouse environment for Rosa hybrida L. production using computer growth modeling”
e2“However, low DT and NT delayed both visible bud formation and development to flowering”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing PPF over the studied range enhanced overall flower stem quality of Rosa hybrida L.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.Rosa hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- Increasing PPF over the range studiede3
- Outcome
- overall flower stem qualitye3
- Direction
- enhancede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Optimization of the greenhouse environment for Rosa hybrida L. production using computer growth modeling”
e3“Increasing PPF over the range studied enhanced overall flower stem quality by increasing stem diameter and the fresh and dry weight of all plant parts at flowering, as well as decreasing the time until visible bud and flowering”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing PPF over the studied range decreased the time until visible bud and flowering of Rosa hybrida L.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.Rosa hybrid cultivart0
- Treatment
- Increasing PPF over the range studiede3
- Outcome
- time until visible bud and floweringe3
- Direction
- decreasinge3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Optimization of the greenhouse environment for Rosa hybrida L. production using computer growth modeling”
e3“Increasing PPF over the range studied enhanced overall flower stem quality by increasing stem diameter and the fresh and dry weight of all plant parts at flowering, as well as decreasing the time until visible bud and flowering”
Claim · model-written summary
ROSESIM predictions differed significantly from the 15 treatment means at 20 days from pinch.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.Rosa hybrid cultivart0
- Outcome
- difference of ROSESIM predictions from the 15 treatment meanse4
- Qualifier
- at 20 days from pinche4
- Comparator
- 15 treatment meanse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Optimization of the greenhouse environment for Rosa hybrida L. production using computer growth modeling”
e4“One-way ANOVA procedures compared the difference of ROSESIM predictions from the 15 treatment means, finding significant differences at 20 days from pinch”
Claim · model-written summary
ROSESIM predictions showed no significant differences from the 15 treatment means at 30 and 40 days from pinch and at flowering, except for flower bud fresh and dry weights.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.Rosa hybrid cultivart0
- Outcome
- significant differencese5
- Qualifier
- except for flower bud fresh and dry weightse5
- Comparator
- 15 treatment meanse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Optimization of the greenhouse environment for Rosa hybrida L. production using computer growth modeling”
e4“One-way ANOVA procedures compared the difference of ROSESIM predictions from the 15 treatment means, finding significant differences at 20 days from pinch”
e5“but no significant differences (except for flower bud fresh and dry weights) at 30 and 40 days from pinch and at flowering”
Claim · model-written summary
Tolerance intervals of 95% for daily integrated PPF indicate that the response of Rosa hybrida L. may vary with weather conditions over years.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.Rosa hybrid cultivart0
- Outcome
- how response may vary with changing weather conditions over yearse7
- Value
- 95%e6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Optimization of the greenhouse environment for Rosa hybrida L. production using computer growth modeling”
e6“Tolerance intervals (95%) were calculated when daily integrated PPF was randomly estimated over three holiday growing seasons”
e7“This indicated how response may vary with changing weather conditions over years”
Claim · model-written summary
All stationary points of the significant response-surface models lay outside the original design space.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.Rosa hybrid cultivart0
- Outcome
- stationary points of the significant modelse0
- Qualifier
- located outside the original design spacee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Optimization of the greenhouse environment for Rosa hybrida L. production using computer growth modeling”
e0“Canonical analysis indicated that all stationary points of the significant models were located outside the original design space, and all but one surface was a saddle shape”
Claim · model-written summary
All but one response surface of Rosa hybrida L. had a saddle shape.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.Rosa hybrid cultivart0
- Outcome
- surfacee0
- Qualifier
- saddle shapee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Optimization of the greenhouse environment for Rosa hybrida L. production using computer growth modeling”
e0“Canonical analysis indicated that all stationary points of the significant models were located outside the original design space, and all but one surface was a saddle shape”
Claim · model-written summary
Model predictions were verified as accurate against original data from selected treatments by plotting predicted growth curves.
- Taxon
- Rosa hybrida L.Rosa hybrid cultivart0
- Outcome
- Accuracy of model predictionse0
- Comparator
- original data from selected treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Optimization of the greenhouse environment for Rosa hybrida L. production using computer growth modeling”
e0“Accuracy of model predictions was verified by plotting predicted growth curves along with original data from selected treatments that represented the full range of the model”
The same questions in other papers
light · phenology · Rosa hybrid cultivarPositive and negative results
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- negative
- positive
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3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →light · quality: general · Rosa hybrid cultivarResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.