Abstract
Maize is known to be susceptible to drought stress, which negatively affects vegetative growth and biomass production, as well as the formation of reproductive organs and yield parameters. In this study, 27 responsive traits of germination (G) and seedlings growth were evaluated for 40 accessions of the Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK) germplasm collection, under no stress and simulated drought stress treatments by 10%, 15%, and 20% of polyethylene glycol (PEG). The three treatments significantly reduced G% and retarded seedlings growth, particularly the 15% and 20% PEG treatments; these two treatments also resulted in a significant increase of abnormal seedlings (AS). The heritability (H2) and correlations of the traits were estimated, and drought tolerance indices (DTIs) were calculated for traits and accessions. The H2 of G% values were reduced, and H2 for AS% increased as the PEG stress increased. Positive correlations were found between most trait pairs, particularly shoot and root traits, with 48 highly significant correlations under no stress and 25 highly significant correlations under the 10% PEG treatments, particularly for shoot and root traits. The medium to high heritability of shoot and root seedling traits provides a sound basis for further genetic analyses. PCA analysis clearly grouped accessions with high DTIs together and the accessions with low DTIs together, indicating that the DTI indicates the stress tolerance level of maize germplasm. However, the resemblance in DTI values does not clearly reflect the origin or taxonomic assignments to subspecies and varieties of the examined accessions.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
PEG treatments significantly reduced maize germination percentage.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The three treatments significantly reduced G% and retarded seedlings growth”
t0“Maize”
e1“under no stress and simulated drought stress treatments by 10%, 15%, and 20% of polyethylene glycol (PEG)”
Claim · model-written summary
PEG treatments retarded maize seedling growth.
- Treatment
- 15% and 20% PEG treatmentse0
- Outcome
- seedlings growthe0
- Direction
- retardede0
- Comparator
- no stresse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The three treatments significantly reduced G% and retarded seedlings growth, particularly the 15% and 20% PEG treatments”
t0“Maize”
e1“under no stress and simulated drought stress treatments by 10%, 15%, and 20% of polyethylene glycol (PEG)”
Claim · model-written summary
The 15% and 20% PEG treatments significantly increased abnormal maize seedlings.
- Treatment
- 15% and 20% PEG treatmentse1
- Outcome
- abnormal seedlings (AS)e0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- no stresse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these two treatments also resulted in a significant increase of abnormal seedlings (AS)”
t0“Maize”
e1“particularly the 15% and 20% PEG treatments”
e2“under no stress and simulated drought stress treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Heritability of germination percentage declined as PEG stress increased.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The H2 of G% values were reduced, and H2 for AS% increased as the PEG stress increased.”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Heritability of abnormal seedling percentage increased as PEG stress increased.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“H2 for AS% increased as the PEG stress increased.”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Most seedling trait pairs were positively correlated, especially shoot and root traits.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Positive correlations were found between most trait pairs, particularly shoot and root traits”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
There were 48 highly significant trait correlations without stress.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“48 highly significant correlations under no stress”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
There were 25 highly significant trait correlations under 10% PEG.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“25 highly significant correlations under the 10% PEG treatments”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot and root seedling traits had medium to high heritability.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The medium to high heritability of shoot and root seedling traits provides a sound basis for further genetic analyses.”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
PCA grouped accessions with high DTIs and low DTIs separately.
- Outcome
- grouped accessions with high DTIs together and the accessions with low DTIs togethere0
- Comparator
- high DTIse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PCA analysis clearly grouped accessions with high DTIs together and the accessions with low DTIs together”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Resemblance in DTI values did not clearly reflect accession origin or taxonomic assignment.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the resemblance in DTI values does not clearly reflect the origin or taxonomic assignments to subspecies and varieties of the examined accessions.”
t0“Maize”
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poly(ethylene glycol) · growth · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
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