Abstract
The steroid hormones, including brassinosteroids, regulate plant growth under stress. It is hypothesized that 24-epibrassinosteroids (24-EBR) can affect safflower ( Carthamus tinctorius ) biochemical properties, crop yield, and oil content under drought stress. The objective of our study was to determine the response of three safflower genotypes (Goldasht, Faraman, and Sina) to exogenous 24-EBR (0 and 10 –7 M) under drought stress, including 85, 65, and 45% of field capacity in 2015. Stress decreased chlorophyll- a, chlorophyll- b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, relative water content (RWC), seed yield, and oil percentage. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and proline contents increased in response to either drought stress or 24-EBR. Genotypes behaved significantly different under stress. 24-EBR significantly increased plant chlorophyll contents and oil percentage, and it significantly reduced the malondialdehyde (MDA) content via increasing the proline and carotenoid contents under stress. 24-EBR can increase safflower oil and seed yield under drought stress.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress decreased chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b and total chlorophyll in safflower.
- Taxon
- safflower
Carthamus tinctoriuse0 - Treatment
- drought stresse1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll- a, chlorophyll- b, total chlorophylle2
- Direction
- decreasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the response of three safflower genotypes (Goldasht, Faraman, and Sina) to exogenous 24-EBR”
e1“under drought stress, including 85, 65, and 45% of field capacity in 2015”
e2“Stress decreased chlorophyll- a, chlorophyll- b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, relative water content (RWC), seed yield, and oil percentage”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress decreased carotenoid and relative water content in safflower.
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse0
- Treatment
- drought stresse1
- Outcome
- carotenoid, relative water content (RWC)e2
- Direction
- decreasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the response of three safflower genotypes (Goldasht, Faraman, and Sina) to exogenous 24-EBR”
e1“under drought stress, including 85, 65, and 45% of field capacity in 2015”
e2“Stress decreased chlorophyll- a, chlorophyll- b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, relative water content (RWC), seed yield, and oil percentage”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress decreased seed yield and oil percentage of safflower.
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse0
- Treatment
- drought stresse1
- Outcome
- seed yield, and oil percentagee2
- Direction
- decreasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the response of three safflower genotypes (Goldasht, Faraman, and Sina) to exogenous 24-EBR”
e1“under drought stress, including 85, 65, and 45% of field capacity in 2015”
e2“Stress decreased chlorophyll- a, chlorophyll- b, total chlorophyll, carotenoid, relative water content (RWC), seed yield, and oil percentage”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress increased superoxide dismutase, catalase and polyphenol oxidase activities in safflower.
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse0
- Treatment
- drought stresse3
- Outcome
- activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO)e3
- Direction
- increasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the response of three safflower genotypes (Goldasht, Faraman, and Sina) to exogenous 24-EBR”
e3“The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and proline contents increased in response to either drought stress or 24-EBR”
Claim · model-written summary
24-EBR increased superoxide dismutase, catalase and polyphenol oxidase activities in safflower.
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse0
- Treatment
- 24-EBRe3
- Outcome
- activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO)e3
- Direction
- increasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the response of three safflower genotypes (Goldasht, Faraman, and Sina) to exogenous 24-EBR”
e3“The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and proline contents increased in response to either drought stress or 24-EBR”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought stress increased proline contents in safflower.
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse0
- Treatment
- drought stresse3
- Outcome
- proline contentse3
- Direction
- increasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the response of three safflower genotypes (Goldasht, Faraman, and Sina) to exogenous 24-EBR”
e3“The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and proline contents increased in response to either drought stress or 24-EBR”
Claim · model-written summary
24-EBR increased proline contents in safflower.
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse0
- Treatment
- 24-EBRe3
- Outcome
- proline contentse3
- Direction
- increasede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the response of three safflower genotypes (Goldasht, Faraman, and Sina) to exogenous 24-EBR”
e3“The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and proline contents increased in response to either drought stress or 24-EBR”
Claim · model-written summary
Safflower genotypes Goldasht, Faraman and Sina respond significantly differently under stress.
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse0
- Material
- Goldasht, Faraman, and Sinae0
- Outcome
- behaved significantly differente7
- Direction
- differente7
- Setting
- under stresse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the response of three safflower genotypes (Goldasht, Faraman, and Sina) to exogenous 24-EBR”
e7“Genotypes behaved significantly different under stress”
Claim · model-written summary
24-EBR significantly increased chlorophyll contents and oil percentage in safflower.
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse0
- Treatment
- 24-EBRe4
- Outcome
- plant chlorophyll contents and oil percentagee4
- Direction
- increasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the response of three safflower genotypes (Goldasht, Faraman, and Sina) to exogenous 24-EBR”
e4“24-EBR significantly increased plant chlorophyll contents and oil percentage”
Claim · model-written summary
24-EBR can increase safflower oil and seed yield under drought stress.
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriuse0
- Treatment
- 24-EBRe6
- Outcome
- oil and seed yielde6
- Direction
- increasee6
- Qualifier
- under drought stresse6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the response of three safflower genotypes (Goldasht, Faraman, and Sina) to exogenous 24-EBR”
e6“24-EBR can increase safflower oil and seed yield under drought stress”
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