Abstract
The impact of biochar and chitosan on barley plants under drought stress conditions was investigated during two field experiments. Our results confirmed that drought stress negatively affected morphological and physiological growth traits of barley plants such as plant height, number of leaves, chlorophyll concentrations, and relative water content. However, electrolyte leakage (EL%), lipid peroxidation (MDA), soluble sugars, sucrose and starch contents significantly increased as a response to drought stress. Additionally, 1000 grain weight, grains yield ha−1 and biological yield significantly decreased in stressed barley plants, also anatomical traits such as upper epidermis, lower epidermis, lamina, and mesophyll tissue thickness as well as vascular bundle diameter of flag leaves significantly decreased compared with control. The use of biochar and chitosan led to significant increases in plant height, number of leaves, and chlorophyll concentrations as well as relative water content; nevertheless these treatments led to significant decreases in electrolyte leakage (EL%) and lipid peroxidation (MDA) in the stressed plants. Moreover, anatomical and yield characters of stressed barley plants were improved with application of biochar and chitosan. The results proved the significance of biochar and chitosan in alleviating the damaging impacts of drought on barley plants.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced barley height, leaf number, chlorophyll and relative water content.
- Taxon
- barley plants
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaree0 - Treatment
- drought stresse0
- Outcome
- plant height, number of leaves, chlorophyll concentrations, and relative water contente0
- Direction
- negatively affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“drought stress negatively affected morphological and physiological growth traits of barley plants such as plant height, number of leaves, chlorophyll concentrations, and relative water content”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought significantly increased electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation in barley.
- Taxon
- Barley PlantsHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- drought stresse0
- Outcome
- electrolyte leakage (EL%), lipid peroxidation (MDA)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Barley Plants”
e0“electrolyte leakage (EL%), lipid peroxidation (MDA), soluble sugars, sucrose and starch contents significantly increased as a response to drought stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought significantly increased soluble sugars, sucrose and starch in barley.
- Taxon
- Barley PlantsHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- drought stresse0
- Outcome
- soluble sugars, sucrose and starch contentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Barley Plants”
e0“electrolyte leakage (EL%), lipid peroxidation (MDA), soluble sugars, sucrose and starch contents significantly increased as a response to drought stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought significantly decreased grain weight and grain and biological yields in barley.
- Taxon
- barley plantsHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- stressede0
- Outcome
- 1000 grain weight, grains yield ha−1 and biological yielde0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Barley Plants”
e0“1000 grain weight, grains yield ha−1 and biological yield significantly decreased in stressed barley plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought significantly decreased flag-leaf tissue thickness and vascular bundle diameter versus control.
- Taxon
- Barley PlantsHordeum vulgaret0
- Outcome
- upper epidermis, lower epidermis, lamina, and mesophyll tissue thickness as well as vascular bundle diameter of flag leavese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Comparator
- controle0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“upper epidermis, lower epidermis, lamina, and mesophyll tissue thickness as well as vascular bundle diameter of flag leaves significantly decreased compared with control”
t0“Barley Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar significantly increased height, leaf number, chlorophyll and relative water content in stressed barley.
- Taxon
- Barley PlantsHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- biochare0
- Outcome
- plant height, number of leaves, and chlorophyll concentrations as well as relative water contente0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“biochar and chitosan led to significant increases in plant height, number of leaves, and chlorophyll concentrations as well as relative water content”
t0“Barley Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitosan significantly increased height, leaf number, chlorophyll and relative water content in stressed barley.
- Taxon
- Barley PlantsHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- chitosane0
- Outcome
- plant height, number of leaves, and chlorophyll concentrations as well as relative water contente0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“biochar and chitosan led to significant increases in plant height, number of leaves, and chlorophyll concentrations as well as relative water content”
t0“Barley Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar significantly reduced electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation in stressed barley.
- Taxon
- Barley PlantsHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Biochart0
- Outcome
- electrolyte leakage (EL%) and lipid peroxidation (MDA)e0
- Direction
- decreasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these treatments led to significant decreases in electrolyte leakage (EL%) and lipid peroxidation (MDA) in the stressed plants”
t0“Biochar and Chitosan on Antioxidative Capacity, Osmolytes Accumulation, and Anatomical Characters of Water-Stressed Barley Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitosan significantly reduced electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation in stressed barley.
- Taxon
- Barley PlantsHordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Chitosant0
- Outcome
- electrolyte leakage (EL%) and lipid peroxidation (MDA)e0
- Direction
- decreasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these treatments led to significant decreases in electrolyte leakage (EL%) and lipid peroxidation (MDA) in the stressed plants”
t0“Biochar and Chitosan on Antioxidative Capacity, Osmolytes Accumulation, and Anatomical Characters of Water-Stressed Barley Plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar improved anatomy and yield characters of stressed barley.
- Taxon
- barley plantsHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- biochare0
- Outcome
- anatomical and yield characterse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“anatomical and yield characters of stressed barley plants were improved with application of biochar and chitosan”
Claim · model-written summary
Chitosan improved anatomy and yield characters of stressed barley.
- Taxon
- barley plantsHordeum vulgaree0
- Treatment
- chitosane0
- Outcome
- anatomical and yield characterse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“anatomical and yield characters of stressed barley plants were improved with application of biochar and chitosan”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.